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{{infobox military memorial
{{Short description|War memorial in Somerset, England}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2020}}
{{Infobox military memorial
|name=Bridgwater War Memorial
|name=Bridgwater War Memorial
|country=England
|country=England
|body=
|body=
|image=[[File:Geograph 3107918 Bridgwater War Memoiral.jpg|300px]]
|image=[[File:Geograph 3107918 Bridgwater War Memoiral.jpg|300px]]
|caption=The Angel of Bridgwater which serves as Bridgwater War Memorial in King's Square with the offices of [[Sedgemoor]] District Council in the background
|caption=The Angel of Bridgwater which serves as Bridgwater War Memorial in [[King Square, Bridgwater|King Square]] with the offices of [[Sedgemoor]] District Council in the background
|commemorates=[[World War I]], [[World War II]], [[Korean War]], [[Falklands Conflict]] and [[War in Afghanistan (2001–present)|Afghan conflict]]
|commemorates=[[World War I]], [[World War II]], [[Korean War]], [[Falklands Conflict]] and [[War in Afghanistan (2001–present)|Afghan conflict]]
|use_dates={{Start date|1924}}
|use_dates={{Start date|1924}}
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|designer=[[John Angel (sculptor)|John Angel]]
|designer=[[John Angel (sculptor)|John Angel]]
|inscription=
|inscription=
|established= <!-- {{Start date|YYYY|MM|DD}} -->
|established=1924 <!-- {{Start date|YYYY|MM|DD}} -->
|unveiled=
|unveiled=1924
|total=
|total=
|unknowns=
|unknowns=
|commemorated=
|commemorated=
*[[World War I]] - 364
*[[World War I]] – 364
*[[World War II]] -113
*[[World War II]] −113
*[[Korean War]] - 1
*[[Korean War]] – 1
*[[Falklands Conflict]] - 1
*[[Falklands Conflict]] – 1
*[[War in Afghanistan (2001–present)|Afghan conflict]] -1
*[[War in Afghanistan (2001–present)|Afghan conflict]] −1
|by_country=
|by_country=
|by_war=
|by_war=
|source=
|source=
}}
}}
'''Bridgwater War Memorial''' is a [[war memorial]] located on King's Square in [[Bridgwater]], [[Somerset]], England, on the site previously occupied by [[Bridgwater Castle]]. It was designed by [[John Angel (sculptor)|John Angel]] in the mid 1920s.<ref name="Glasgow">{{cite web |url=http://sculpture.gla.ac.uk/view/person.php?id=msib2_1206480763 |work=[[Mapping the Practice and Profession of Sculpture in Britain and Ireland 1851-1951]] |title=John Angel |accessdate=9 September 2012 |publisher=[[University of Glasgow]] History of Art and HATII, online database |year=2011}}</ref><ref name="archives">{{cite web |url=http://yourarchives.nationalarchives.gov.uk/index.php?title=Angel%2C_John_%281881-1960%29_Sculptor |title=Sculptor John Angel |publisher=[[The National Archives (United Kingdom)#'Your Archives'|Your Archives]] |accessdate=6 September 2012}}</ref> The green figure of the memorial is [[Allegorical sculpture|allegorical]],<ref name="The municipal journal and public works engineer">{{cite journal|title=The municipal journal and public works engineer|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=OI0eAQAAMAAJ|accessdate=8 September 2012|volume=35 |issues=1744-1770|year=1926|publisher=Municipal Journal}}</ref> representing "''Civilization'' as a seated female, holding a globe in one hand and with the book of knowledge on her lap." <ref name="Borg">{{cite book |last1=Borg |first1=Alan |title=War Memorials: From Antiquity to Present |publisher=Leo Cooper, Ltd |location=London |year=1991 |page=98 |isbn=085052363X}} ISBN 9780850523638.</ref>
'''Bridgwater War Memorial''' is a Grade II* [[listed building|listed]]<ref name="List">{{cite web|title=World War Memorial, Bridgwater|url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-373942-world-war-memorial-bridgwater-somerset|publisher=Listed buildings online|accessdate=8 September 2012}}</ref> [[war memorial]] located on [[King Square, Bridgwater|King Square]] in [[Bridgwater]], [[Somerset]], England, on the site previously occupied by [[Bridgwater Castle]]. It was designed by [[John Angel (sculptor)|John Angel]] in the mid-1920s.<ref name="Glasgow">{{cite web |url=http://sculpture.gla.ac.uk/view/person.php?id=msib2_1206480763 |work=[[Mapping the Practice and Profession of Sculpture in Britain and Ireland 1851-1951]] |title=John Angel |accessdate=9 September 2012 |publisher=[[University of Glasgow]] History of Art and HATII, online database |year=2011 |archive-date=25 May 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190525005353/https://sculpture.gla.ac.uk/view/person.php?id=msib2_1206480763 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="archives">{{cite web |url=http://yourarchives.nationalarchives.gov.uk/index.php?title=Angel%2C_John_%281881-1960%29_Sculptor |title=Sculptor John Angel |publisher=[[The National Archives (United Kingdom)#'Your Archives'|Your Archives]] |accessdate=6 September 2012 |archive-date=7 December 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111207114513/http://yourarchives.nationalarchives.gov.uk/index.php?title=Angel,_John_(1881-1960)_Sculptor |url-status=dead }}</ref> The green figure of the memorial is [[Allegorical sculpture|allegorical]],<ref name="The municipal journal and public works engineer">{{cite journal|title=The municipal journal and public works engineer|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OI0eAQAAMAAJ|accessdate=8 September 2012|volume=35 |issue=1744–1770|year=1926|publisher=Municipal Journal}}</ref> representing "''Civilization'' as a seated female, holding a globe in one hand and with the book of knowledge on her lap."<ref name="Borg">{{cite book |last1=Borg |first1=Alan |title=War Memorials: From Antiquity to Present |publisher=Leo Cooper, Ltd |location=London |year=1991 |page=98 |isbn=085052363X}} {{ISBN|9780850523638}}.</ref>


==Description==
John Angel sculpted the '''Angel of Bridgwater'''.<ref name="WMT">{{cite web |url=http://www.warmemorials.org/search-grants/?gID=514 |publisher=War Memorials Trust |title=Bridgwater. WMT Reference Number: WM2993 |work=Showcase Result |accessdate=9 September 2012}}</ref> Mounted on a [[plinth]], a female figure of 'Civilisation' lofts the world, which is encircled by emblems of commerce and peace. Under her foot are the "demons of war." The throne and figure are backed by "relief depictions of Labour, Home, Life and Education."<ref name=rollofhonour/> On her lap is a book of laws, and she is surrounded by children. Indeed, given its monumental breadth, the many details in the design, and its [[Metaphorical|metaphorical]] and [[Secular icon|iconic]] form, the sculpture is subject to colorful and variant interpretations and description.<ref name="Borg"/><ref name="WMT"/><ref name=rollofhonour/><ref name="List"/>
John Angel sculpted the '''Angel of Bridgwater'''.<ref name="WMT">{{cite web |url=http://www.warmemorials.org/search-grants/?gID=514 |publisher=War Memorials Trust |title=Bridgwater. WMT Reference Number: WM2993 |work=Showcase Result |accessdate=9 September 2012}}</ref> Mounted on a [[plinth]], a female figure of 'Civilisation' lofts the world, which is encircled by emblems of commerce and peace. Under her foot are the "demons of war." The throne and figure are backed by "relief depictions of Labour, Home, Life and Education."<ref name=rollofhonour/> On her lap is a book of laws, and she is surrounded by children. Indeed, given its monumental breadth, the many details in the design, and its [[metaphorical]] and [[Secular icon|iconic]] form, the sculpture is subject to colorful and variant interpretations and description.<ref name="List"/><ref name="WMT"/><ref name=rollofhonour/><ref name="Borg2"/> The bronze was cast by [[Morris Singer|W Morris Art Bronze Foundry]].<ref name=rollofhonour>{{cite web|title=Bridgwater War Memorial|url=http://www.roll-of-honour.com/Somerset/Bridgwater.html|work=Roll of Honour |publisher=[[Commonwealth War Graves Commission]] |accessdate=8 September 2012}}</ref>


At the time, Angel was working four years as assistant to Sir [[George Frampton]],<ref name="Glasgow">{{cite web |url=http://sculpture.gla.ac.uk/view/person.php?id=msib2_1206480763 |work=[[Mapping the Practice and Profession of Sculpture in Britain and Ireland 1851-1951]] |title=John Angel |accessdate=8 September 2012 |publisher=[[University of Glasgow]] History of Art and HATII, online database |year=2011}}</ref> and Frampton's influence is apparent.<ref name="Devon">{{cite web |url=http://www.devonheritage.org/Places/Exeter/JohnAngelF.R.B.S.htm |title=John Angel F.R.B.S. |publisher=Devon Heritage |accessdate=6 September 2012}}</ref> Figures from the roughly contemporaneous [[Exeter War Memorial]], specifically "Peace" (also known as ''Victory''<ref name="Borg">{{cite book |last1=Borg |first1=Alan |title=War Memorials: From Antiquity to Present |publisher=Leo Cooper, Ltd |location=London |year=1991 |page=100 |isbn=085052363X}} ISBN 9780850523638.</ref>) were exhibited by Angel at [[Royal Academy|The Royal Academy]] in 1922,<ref name="archives"/>, being exhibited in the courtyard of [[Burlington House]],<ref name="Borg2">{{cite book |last1=Borg |first1=Alan |title=War Memorials: From Antiquity to Present |publisher=Leo Cooper, Ltd |location=London |year=1991 |page=100 |isbn=085052363X}} ISBN 9780850523638.</ref> as were other studies of the Bridgewater War Memorial on several occasions.<ref name="Glasgow"/>
At the time, Angel was working four years as assistant to Sir [[George Frampton]],<ref name="Glasgow"/> and Frampton's influence is apparent.<ref name="Devon">{{cite web |url=http://www.devonheritage.org/Places/Exeter/JohnAngelF.R.B.S.htm |title=John Angel F.R.B.S. |publisher=Devon Heritage |accessdate=6 September 2012}}</ref> Figures from the roughly contemporaneous [[Exeter War Memorial]], specifically "Peace" (also known as ''Victory''<ref name="Borg2">{{cite book |last1=Borg |first1=Alan |title=War Memorials: From Antiquity to Present |publisher=Leo Cooper, Ltd |location=London |year=1991 |page=100 |isbn=085052363X}} {{ISBN|9780850523638}}.</ref>) were exhibited by Angel at [[Royal Academy|The Royal Academy]] in 1922,<ref name="archives"/> being exhibited in the courtyard of [[Burlington House]],<ref name="Borg2"/> as were other studies of the Bridgwater War Memorial on several occasions.<ref name="Glasgow"/>


On the third step these words are inscribed: "IN HONOUR OF THE MEN OF BRIDGEWATER WHO GAVE THEIR LIVES IN THE GREAT WAR 1914-1918"<ref name="List"/>
On the third step these words are inscribed: "IN HONOUR OF THE MEN OF BRIDGWATER WHO GAVE THEIR LIVES IN THE GREAT WAR 1914–1918"<ref name="List"/>


The memorial was unveiled by General the [[Rudolph Lambart, 10th Earl of Cavan|Earl of Cavan]] (then [[Chief of the General Staff (United Kingdom)|
The memorial was unveiled by [[Michael Lambart, 12th Earl of Cavan|Michael Lambart, 12th Earl]] [[Earl of Cavan|Lord Cavan]] in 1924,<ref>{{cite web|title=War Memorial|url=http://www.bridgwater.net/Town/About_Town/Album/war_memorial.htm|publisher=Bridgwater.net|accessdate=8 September 2012}}</ref> to commemorate the fallen of [[World War I]]. Further names have been added following [[World War II]], the [[Korean War]]. [[Falklands Conflict]]<ref name=rollofhonour/> <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ww2museums.com/article/9192/War-Memorial-Bridgwater.htm |title=War Memorial Bridgwater |publisher=ww2museums.com|accessdate=9 September, 2012}}</ref> and the [[War in Afghanistan (2001–present)|Afghan conflict]].<ref group=upper-alpha>Killed in Afghanistan in 2006, [[Sergeant]] Benjamin James Knight was added. See War Memorials Trust, ''infra''. He was one of 14 British servicemen lost in the 2 September 2006 crash of the [[Royal Air Force Nimrod XV230]] aircraft. {{cite web|url= http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/europe/nimrod-losses-xv230.htm |title=Nimrod Losses - XV230 |publisher=[[globalsecurity.org]]|accessdate=9 September 2012}} {{cite news|url=http://www.mod.uk/DefenceInternet/DefenceNews/MilitaryOperations/FourteenPersonnelInAfghanistanNimrodCrashNamed.htm |title=News Article: Fourteen personnel in Afghanistan Nimrod crash named |date=3 September 2006 |publisher=[[Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom)|Ministry of Defence]] |accessdate=9 September 2012}} See also, [[British Forces casualties in Afghanistan since 2001]].</ref> It has been characterised as, "An exceptionally fine and moving memorial, which forms an important focal point to this fine late [[Georgian architecture|Georgian]] square."<ref name="List"/>
Chief of the Imperial General Staff]]) on 25 September 1924,<ref name="rollofhonour" /><ref>{{cite web|title=War Memorial|url=http://www.bridgwater.net/Town/About_Town/Album/war_memorial.htm|publisher=Bridgwater.net|accessdate=8 September 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110911060700/http://www.bridgwater.net/Town/About_Town/Album/war_memorial.htm|archive-date=11 September 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref> to commemorate the fallen of [[World War I]]. Further names have been added following [[World War II]], the [[Korean War]]. [[Falklands Conflict]]<ref name=rollofhonour/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ww2museums.com/article/9192/War-Memorial-Bridgwater.htm |title=War Memorial Bridgwater |publisher=ww2museums.com|accessdate=9 September 2012}}</ref> and the [[War in Afghanistan (2001–present)|Afghan conflict]].<ref group=upper-alpha>Killed in Afghanistan in 2006, [[Sergeant]] Benjamin James Knight was added. See War Memorials Trust, ''infra''. He was one of 14 British servicemen lost in the 2 September 2006 crash of the [[Royal Air Force Nimrod XV230]] aircraft. {{cite web|url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/europe/nimrod-losses-xv230.htm|title=Nimrod Losses – XV230|publisher=Globalsecurity.org|accessdate=9 September 2012}} {{cite news |url=http://www.mod.uk/DefenceInternet/DefenceNews/MilitaryOperations/FourteenPersonnelInAfghanistanNimrodCrashNamed.htm |title=News Article: Fourteen personnel in Afghanistan Nimrod crash named |date=3 September 2006 |publisher=[[Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom)|Ministry of Defence]] |accessdate=9 September 2012 |archive-date=9 October 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121009235604/http://www.mod.uk/DefenceInternet/DefenceNews/MilitaryOperations/FourteenPersonnelInAfghanistanNimrodCrashNamed.htm |url-status=dead }} See also, [[British Forces casualties in Afghanistan since 2001]].</ref> It has been characterised as, "An exceptionally fine and moving memorial, which forms an important focal point to this fine late [[Georgian architecture|Georgian]] square."<ref name="List"/>


⚫
In 2009 the memorial benefited from a small stipend from [[War Memorials Trust]], which was used to replace bronze plaques and add a new one. The new plaques are said to be a precise match in form and typeface for those that were replaced.<ref name="WMT"/>
The bronze was cast by [[Morris Singer|W Morris Art Bronze Foundry]].<ref name=rollofhonour>{{cite web|title=Bridgwater War Memorial|url=http://www.roll-of-honour.com/Somerset/Bridgwater.html|work=Roll of Honour |publisher=[[Commonwealth War Graves Commission]] |accessdate=8 September 2012}}</ref>

It is a Grade II* [[listed building]].<ref name="List">{{cite web|title=World War Memorial, Bridgwater|url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-373942-world-war-memorial-bridgwater-somerset|publisher=Listed buildings online|accessdate=8 September 2012}}</ref>

⚫
In 2009 the memorial benefited from a small stipend from the [[War Memorials Trust]], which was used to replace bronze plaques and add a new one. The new plaques are said to be a precise match in form and typeface for those that were replaced.<ref name="WMT"/>


==See also==
==See also==
*[[World War I memorials]]
*[[World War I memorials]]
*[[Grade II* listed war memorials in England]]


==Bibliography==
==Bibliography==

===Footnotes===
===Footnotes===
{{Reflist|group=upper-alpha}}
{{Reflist|group=upper-alpha}}


===References===
===References===
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist|2}}


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{{Commons}}
{{Commons}}
*[http://www.roll-of-honour.com/Somerset/Bridgwater.html Photos of the dedication of the memorial, and memorial Roll of Honor]
*[http://www.roll-of-honour.com/Somerset/Bridgwater.html Photos of the dedication of the memorial, and memorial Roll of Honor]

{{Authority control}}


[[Category:Monuments and memorials in Somerset]]
[[Category:Monuments and memorials in Somerset]]
[[Category:Bridgwater]]
[[Category:Bridgwater]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures completed in 1924]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures completed in 1924]]
[[Category:Grade II* listed buildings in Somerset]]
[[Category:Grade II* listed buildings in Sedgemoor]]
[[Category:British military memorials and cemeteries]]
[[Category:Monuments and memorials in Devon]]
[[Category:British military memorials and cemeteries]]
[[Category:British military memorials and cemeteries]]
[[Category:Monuments and memorials in the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Bronze sculptures in England]]
[[Category:Bronze sculptures in the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:World War I memorials in England]]
[[Category:World War I memorials in the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:World War II memorials in England]]
[[Category:Visitor attractions in Somerset]]
[[Category:Grade II* listed monuments and memorials]]
[[Category:1924 establishments in England]]

Latest revision as of 20:16, 27 April 2024

Bridgwater War Memorial
England
The Angel of Bridgwater which serves as Bridgwater War Memorial in King Square with the offices of Sedgemoor District Council in the background
For World War I, World War II, Korean War, Falklands Conflict and Afghan conflict
Established1924
Unveiled1924
Location51°07′47″N 3°00′14″W / 51.1296°N 3.0039°W / 51.1296; -3.0039
near 
Bridgwater, Somerset
Designed byJohn Angel
Commemorated

Bridgwater War Memorial is a Grade II* listed[1] war memorial located on King Square in Bridgwater, Somerset, England, on the site previously occupied by Bridgwater Castle. It was designed by John Angel in the mid-1920s.[2][3] The green figure of the memorial is allegorical,[4] representing "Civilization as a seated female, holding a globe in one hand and with the book of knowledge on her lap."[5]

Description

[edit]

John Angel sculpted the Angel of Bridgwater.[6] Mounted on a plinth, a female figure of 'Civilisation' lofts the world, which is encircled by emblems of commerce and peace. Under her foot are the "demons of war." The throne and figure are backed by "relief depictions of Labour, Home, Life and Education."[7] On her lap is a book of laws, and she is surrounded by children. Indeed, given its monumental breadth, the many details in the design, and its metaphorical and iconic form, the sculpture is subject to colorful and variant interpretations and description.[1][6][7][8] The bronze was cast by W Morris Art Bronze Foundry.[7]

At the time, Angel was working four years as assistant to Sir George Frampton,[2] and Frampton's influence is apparent.[9] Figures from the roughly contemporaneous Exeter War Memorial, specifically "Peace" (also known as Victory[8]) were exhibited by Angel at The Royal Academy in 1922,[3] being exhibited in the courtyard of Burlington House,[8] as were other studies of the Bridgwater War Memorial on several occasions.[2]

On the third step these words are inscribed: "IN HONOUR OF THE MEN OF BRIDGWATER WHO GAVE THEIR LIVES IN THE GREAT WAR 1914–1918"[1]

The memorial was unveiled by General the Earl of Cavan (then Chief of the Imperial General Staff) on 25 September 1924,[7][10] to commemorate the fallen of World War I. Further names have been added following World War II, the Korean War. Falklands Conflict[7][11] and the Afghan conflict.[A] It has been characterised as, "An exceptionally fine and moving memorial, which forms an important focal point to this fine late Georgian square."[1]

In 2009 the memorial benefited from a small stipend from War Memorials Trust, which was used to replace bronze plaques and add a new one. The new plaques are said to be a precise match in form and typeface for those that were replaced.[6]

See also

[edit]

Bibliography

[edit]

Footnotes

[edit]
  1. ^ Killed in Afghanistan in 2006, Sergeant Benjamin James Knight was added. See War Memorials Trust, infra. He was one of 14 British servicemen lost in the 2 September 2006 crash of the Royal Air Force Nimrod XV230 aircraft. "Nimrod Losses – XV230". Globalsecurity.org. Retrieved 9 September 2012. "News Article: Fourteen personnel in Afghanistan Nimrod crash named". Ministry of Defence. 3 September 2006. Archived from the original on 9 October 2012. Retrieved 9 September 2012. See also, British Forces casualties in Afghanistan since 2001.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d "World War Memorial, Bridgwater". Listed buildings online. Retrieved 8 September 2012.
  2. ^ a b c "John Angel". Mapping the Practice and Profession of Sculpture in Britain and Ireland 1851-1951. University of Glasgow History of Art and HATII, online database. 2011. Archived from the original on 25 May 2019. Retrieved 9 September 2012.
  3. ^ a b "Sculptor John Angel". Your Archives. Archived from the original on 7 December 2011. Retrieved 6 September 2012.
  4. ^ "The municipal journal and public works engineer". 35 (1744–1770). Municipal Journal. 1926. Retrieved 8 September 2012. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  5. ^ Borg, Alan (1991). War Memorials: From Antiquity to Present. London: Leo Cooper, Ltd. p. 98. ISBN 085052363X. ISBN 9780850523638.
  6. ^ a b c "Bridgwater. WMT Reference Number: WM2993". Showcase Result. War Memorials Trust. Retrieved 9 September 2012.
  7. ^ a b c d e "Bridgwater War Memorial". Roll of Honour. Commonwealth War Graves Commission. Retrieved 8 September 2012.
  8. ^ a b c Borg, Alan (1991). War Memorials: From Antiquity to Present. London: Leo Cooper, Ltd. p. 100. ISBN 085052363X. ISBN 9780850523638.
  9. ^ "John Angel F.R.B.S." Devon Heritage. Retrieved 6 September 2012.
  10. ^ "War Memorial". Bridgwater.net. Archived from the original on 11 September 2011. Retrieved 8 September 2012.
  11. ^ "War Memorial Bridgwater". ww2museums.com. Retrieved 9 September 2012.
[edit]
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