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{{Short description|Swedish prince (1884–1965)}}
⚫
{{Infobox royalty|prince
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2023}}
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{{Infobox royalty
| image = Vilhelmofsodermanland.jpg
| image = Vilhelmofsodermanland.jpg
| caption = The Duke of Södermanland (1911)
| name = Prince Wilhelm
| name = Prince Wilhelm
| title = Duke of Södermanland
| title = Duke of Södermanland
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| royal house = [[House of Bernadotte|Bernadotte]]
| royal house = [[House of Bernadotte|Bernadotte]]
}}
}}
'''Prince Wilhelm, Duke of Södermanland''' (Carl Wilhelm Ludvig; 17 June 1884 – 5 June 1965) was a Swedish and Norwegian prince. He authored many books (primarily in Swedish) as '''''Prins Wilhelm'''''.
'''Prince Wilhelm of Sweden, Duke of Södermanland''' (Carl Wilhelm Ludvig; 17 June 1884 – 5 June 1965) was a Swedish and Norwegian prince. He authored many books (primarily in Swedish) as '''''Prins Wilhelm'''''.


==Personal life==
==Personal life==
[[File:1912_Olympics_Swedish_royals.jpg|thumb|left|Prince Wilhelm with his father [[Gustaf V of Sweden|King Gustaf V]] at [[1912 Summer Olympics]]]]
[[File:1912_Olympics_Swedish_royals.jpg|thumb|left|Prince Wilhelm with his elder brother and father [[Gustaf V of Sweden|King Gustaf V]] at the [[1912 Summer Olympics]]]]
Wilhelm was born at [[Tullgarn Palace]], the second son of King [[Gustaf V of Sweden]] and his wife [[Victoria of Baden]]. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Prince Wilhelm - Sveriges Kungahus|url=https://www.kungahuset.se/royalcourt/royalfamily/thebernadottedynasty/princewilhelm.4.164e81b015607465dc12f14.html|website=www.kungahuset.se|language=en|access-date=2020-05-07}}</ref>
Wilhelm was born at [[Tullgarn Palace]], the second son of King [[Gustaf V of Sweden]] and his wife [[Victoria of Baden]]. <ref>{{Cite web|title=Prince Wilhelm - Sveriges Kungahus|url=https://www.kungahuset.se/royalcourt/royalfamily/thebernadottedynasty/princewilhelm.4.164e81b015607465dc12f14.html|website=www.kungahuset.se|language=en|access-date=2020-05-07}}</ref>


===Marriage and divorce===
===Marriage and divorce===
On 3 May 1908, in [[Tsarskoye Selo]], Wilhelm married [[Grand Duchess Maria Pavlovna of Russia (1890-1958)|Grand Duchess Maria Pavlovna of Russia]], a daughter of [[Grand Duke Paul Alexandrovich of Russia]] by his first wife [[Grand Duchess Alexandra Georgievna of Russia|Princess Alexandra of Greece and Denmark]]. The bride was a cousin of the reigning Russian tsar, [[Nicholas II of Russia|Nicholas II]]. The couple had only one son: [[Count Lennart Bernadotte of Wisborg|Prince Lennart]], Duke of [[Småland]] and later [[Count of Wisborg]] (1909–2004).
On 3 May 1908, in [[Tsarskoye Selo]], Wilhelm married [[Grand Duchess Maria Pavlovna of Russia (1890-1958)|Grand Duchess Maria Pavlovna of Russia]], a daughter of [[Grand Duke Paul Alexandrovich of Russia]] by his first wife [[Grand Duchess Alexandra Georgievna of Russia|Princess Alexandra of Greece and Denmark]]. The bride was a cousin of the reigning Russian tsar, [[Nicholas II of Russia|Nicholas II]]. The couple had one son: [[Lennart Bernadotte|Lennart]] (1909–2004).


The marriage was unhappy. Their son, Lennart, later wrote an autobiography in which he revealed several details of the Swedish royal family. The autobiography tells of how Maria, like her aunt and namesake [[Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia|the duchess of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]], felt that she had married beneath herself in marrying a younger son of the King of Sweden, and this caused problems of ego between the couple. Maria insisted that the servants address her by her correct style ''Your Imperial and Royal Highness,'' to the chagrin of her husband, who was merely a ''Royal Highness.'' When apprised of the matter, Wilhelm's father King Gustav V had no choice but to acquiesce with his daughter-in-law's wish, which was perfectly valid in law, and ordered that the imperial style be used invariably for Maria.
The marriage was unhappy. Their son, Lennart, later wrote an autobiography in which he revealed several details of the Swedish royal family. The autobiography tells of how Maria, like her aunt and namesake [[Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia|Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna, Duchess of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]], felt that she had married beneath herself in marrying a younger son of the King of Sweden, and this caused problems of ego between the couple. Maria insisted that the servants address her by her correct style ''Your Imperial and Royal Highness,'' to the chagrin of her husband, who was merely a ''Royal Highness.'' When apprised of the matter, Wilhelm's father King Gustav V had no choice but to acquiesce with his daughter-in-law's wish, which was perfectly valid in law, and ordered that the imperial style be used invariably for Maria.


Maria sought a divorce because of what she described as the horror she then felt toward the Swedish royal family, due to their unlimited support of their official physician, [[Axel Munthe]], who had accosted her sexually.<ref>[[Lennart Bernadotte]] in ''Käre prins, godnatt!'' {{ISBN|91-0-041935-4}} pp. 155-158</ref> The divorce was granted in 1914, and Maria returned to Russia.
Maria sought a divorce because of what she described as the horror she then felt toward the Swedish royal family, due to their unlimited support of their official physician, [[Axel Munthe]], who had accosted her sexually.<ref>[[Lennart Bernadotte]] in ''Käre prins, godnatt!'' {{ISBN|91-0-041935-4}} pp. 155-158</ref> The divorce was granted in 1914, and Maria returned to Russia.
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===Career and interests===
===Career and interests===
Wilhelm was a noted photographer and the author of several books written in [[Swedish language|Swedish]] under the ''[[nom de plume]]'' '''Prins Wilhelm'''.<ref>''Amerika från estraden'' 1928</ref><ref>''Känner du landet'' 1950</ref>
Wilhelm was a noted photographer and the author of several books written in [[Swedish language|Swedish]] under the [[pen name]] '''Prins Wilhelm'''.<ref>''Amerika från estraden'' 1928</ref><ref>''Känner du landet'' 1950</ref>


In keeping with protocol demanded of royalty in modern democracies, Wilhelm kept studiously away from politics. One of his rare forays into the political sphere happened during the [[Second World War]], following the murder of the Danish playwright and Lutheran pastor [[Kaj Munk]] on 4 January 1944. It was alleged, perhaps correctly, that the occupying German forces (specifically the [[Gestapo]]) were behind the murder, and the Danish resistance newspaper ''[[De frie Danske]]'' carried condemnatory reactions from numerous influential Scandinavians. Wilhelm was one of those who condemned the murder.<ref>{{cite news |title= KAJ MUNK IN MEMORIAM |url= http://www.illegalpresse.dk/papers#/paper?paper=68&page=685 |newspaper=[[De frie Danske]] |date= January 1944 |page= 6 |quote= Nu er han borte. Myrdet af fire gangstere, en Forbrydelse uden lige. Hvor meningsløst: Ordet dør ikke, fordi man dræber Ordets Forkynder, Aanden knuses ikke af en Revolverkugle. Terror kan aldrig udslette Digterværk, saalidt som den formaar at undertrykke Ideer. Tankens Frihed overvinder selv den væreste Forbrydelse. Kaj Munk blev en Martyr for sit Frihedskrav, men hans skabende Kulturindsats skal leve med stigende Intensitet efter dette. Nordisk Litteratur har Landesorg | accessdate=18 November 2014 |language=Danish}}</ref>
In keeping with protocol demanded of royalty in modern democracies, Wilhelm kept studiously away from politics. One of his rare forays into the political sphere happened during the [[Second World War]], following the murder of the Danish playwright and Lutheran pastor [[Kaj Munk]] on 4 January 1944. It was alleged, perhaps correctly, that the occupying German forces (specifically the [[Gestapo]]) were behind the murder, and the Danish resistance newspaper ''[[De frie Danske]]'' carried condemnatory reactions from numerous influential Scandinavians. Wilhelm was one of those who condemned the murder.<ref>{{cite news |title= KAJ MUNK IN MEMORIAM |url= http://www.illegalpresse.dk/papers#/paper?paper=68&page=685 |newspaper=[[De frie Danske]] |date= January 1944 |page= 6 |quote= Nu er han borte. Myrdet af fire gangstere, en Forbrydelse uden lige. Hvor meningsløst: Ordet dør ikke, fordi man dræber Ordets Forkynder, Aanden knuses ikke af en Revolverkugle. Terror kan aldrig udslette Digterværk, saalidt som den formaar at undertrykke Ideer. Tankens Frihed overvinder selv den væreste Forbrydelse. Kaj Munk blev en Martyr for sit Frihedskrav, men hans skabende Kulturindsats skal leve med stigende Intensitet efter dette. Nordisk Litteratur har Landesorg | access-date=18 November 2014 |language=da}}</ref>


===Death===
===Death===
[[File:Wilhelm of Sweden grave 2009 Flen.jpg|thumb|The simple grave of Prince Wilhelm and his first daughter-in-law Karin (Nissvandt) Bernadotte in [[Flen]]]]
[[File:Wilhelm of Sweden grave 2009 Flen.jpg|thumb|The simple grave of Prince Wilhelm and his first daughter-in-law Karin (Nissvandt) Bernadotte in [[Flen]]]]
Wilhelm died in his sleep, from a heart attack, in [[Flen]], just 12 days before his 81st birthday.
Wilhelm suffered from [[emphysema]] caused by several years of [[chain smoking]] and died in his sleep, from a heart attack, in [[Flen]], just 12 days before his 81st birthday.


==Honours and awards==
==Honours and awards==
He received the following orders and decorations:<ref name="(Sveriges statskalender / 1955)">{{citation|title=Sveriges statskalender|year=1955|page=6|url=http://runeberg.org/statskal/1955/1274.html|via=runeberg.org|accessdate=2018-01-06|language=sv}}</ref>
He received the following orders and decorations:<ref name="(Sveriges statskalender / 1955)">{{citation|title=Sveriges statskalender|year=1955|page=6|url=https://runeberg.org/statskal/1955/1274.html|via=runeberg.org|access-date=2018-01-06|language=sv}}</ref>


'''National honours'''
===National honours===
* [[Order of the Seraphim|Knight and Commander of the Seraphim]], ''17 June 1884''
* [[Order of the Seraphim|Knight and Commander of the Seraphim]], ''17 June 1884''
* Knight of the [[Order of Charles XIII]], ''17 June 1884''
* Knight of the [[Order of Charles XIII]], ''17 June 1884''
* [[Order of the Sword|Commander Grand Cross of the Sword]], ''17 June 1884''
* [[Order of the Sword|Commander Grand Cross of the Sword]], ''17 June 1884''
* [[Order of the Polar Star|Commander Grand Cross of the Polar Star]], ''17 June 1884''
* [[Order of the Polar Star|Commander Grand Cross of the Polar Star]], ''17 June 1884''
* Commander Grand Cross of the [[Order of Vasa]], ''16 June 1948''<ref name="(Sveriges statskalender / 1955) 02">{{citation|title=Sveriges statskalender|year=1955|page=127|url=http://runeberg.org/statskal/1955/1395.html|via=runeberg.org|accessdate=2018-01-06|language=sv}}</ref>
* Commander Grand Cross of the [[Order of Vasa]], ''16 June 1948''<ref name="(Sveriges statskalender / 1955) 02">{{citation|title=Sveriges statskalender|year=1955|page=127|url=https://runeberg.org/statskal/1955/1395.html|via=runeberg.org|access-date=2018-01-06|language=sv}}</ref>
* King Oscar II and Queen Sofia's Golden Wedding Medal
* King Oscar II and Queen Sofia's Golden Wedding Medal
* King Oscar II's Jubilee Commemorative Medal
* King Oscar II's Jubilee Commemorative Medal
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* King Gustaf V's Jubilee Commemorative Medal (1948)
* King Gustaf V's Jubilee Commemorative Medal (1948)


'''Foreign honours'''
===Foreign honours===
{{columns-list|colwidth=25em|
{{columns-list|colwidth=25em|
* {{flag|Norway|1844}}:
* Norway:
** [[Order of St Olav|Grand Cross of St. Olav]], with Collar, ''17 June 1884''
** [[Order of St Olav|Grand Cross of St. Olav]], with Collar, ''17 June 1884''
** [[Order of the Norwegian Lion|Knight of the Norwegian Lion]], ''21 January 1904''<ref>[http://www.royalcourt.no/artikkel.html?tid=33000&sek=32999 "The Order of the Norwegian Lion"], ''The Royal House of Norway''. Retrieved 10 August 2018.</ref>
** [[Order of the Norwegian Lion|Knight of the Norwegian Lion]], ''21 January 1904''<ref>[http://www.royalcourt.no/artikkel.html?tid=33000&sek=32999 "The Order of the Norwegian Lion"], ''The Royal House of Norway''. Retrieved 10 August 2018.</ref>
** [[King Haakon VII Freedom Cross]]
** [[King Haakon VII Freedom Cross]]
* {{flag|Belgium}}: Grand Cordon of the [[Order of Leopold (Belgium)|Order of Leopold]]
* Belgium: Grand Cordon of the [[Order of Leopold (Belgium)|Order of Leopold]]
* {{flag|Denmark}}:<ref name="DanskStatskalender">{{cite book |year=1963 |orig-year=1st pub.:1801 |editor1-last=Bille-Hansen |editor1-first=A. C. |editor2-last=Holck |editor2-first=Harald |title=Statshaandbog for Kongeriget Danmark for Aaret 1963 |trans-title=State Manual of the Kingdom of Denmark for the Year 1963 |url=https://dis-danmark.dk/bibliotek/918015.pdf#page=61 |format=PDF |series=Kongelig Dansk Hof- og Statskalender |language=da |location=Copenhagen |publisher=J.H. Schultz A.-S. Universitetsbogtrykkeri |page=18 |access-date=1 May 2020 |via=[[:da:DIS Danmark]]}}</ref>
* Denmark:<ref name="DanskStatskalender">{{cite book |year=1963 |orig-year=1st pub.:1801 |editor1-last=Bille-Hansen |editor1-first=A. C. |editor2-last=Holck |editor2-first=Harald |title=Statshaandbog for Kongeriget Danmark for Aaret 1963 |trans-title=State Manual of the Kingdom of Denmark for the Year 1963 |url=https://dis-danmark.dk/bibliotek/918015.pdf#page=61 |format=PDF |series=Kongelig Dansk Hof- og Statskalender |language=da |location=Copenhagen |publisher=J.H. Schultz A.-S. Universitetsbogtrykkeri |page=18 |access-date=1 May 2020 |via=[[:da:DIS Danmark]]}}</ref>
** [[Order of the Elephant|Knight of the Elephant]], ''18 December 1907''
** [[Order of the Elephant|Knight of the Elephant]], ''18 December 1907''
** [[King Christian X's Liberty Medal]]
** [[King Christian X's Liberty Medal]]
* {{flagicon|Kingdom of Egypt}} [[Muhammad Ali dynasty|Egyptian Royal Family]]: Collar of the [[Order of Muhammad Ali]]
* [[Muhammad Ali dynasty|Egyptian Royal Family]]: Collar of the [[Order of Muhammad Ali]]
* {{flagicon|Ethiopian Empire}} [[Solomonic Dynasty|Ethiopian Imperial Family]]: Collar of the [[Order of Solomon]]
* [[Solomonic Dynasty|Ethiopian Imperial Family]]: Collar of the [[Order of Solomon]]
* {{flag|Finland}}: [[Order of the White Rose|Grand Cross of the White Rose]]
* Finland: [[Order of the White Rose|Grand Cross of the White Rose]]
* {{flagcountry|French Third Republic}}: Grand Cross of the [[Legion of Honour]]
* French Third Republic: Grand Cross of the [[Legion of Honour]]
* {{flagicon|Kingdom of Italy}} [[House of Savoy|Italian Royal Family]]: [[Supreme Order of the Most Holy Annunciation|Knight of the Annunciation]], ''5 July 1913''<ref name="dell'interno1920">{{cite book|author=Italy. Ministero dell'interno|title=Calendario generale del regno d'Italia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KU1TIJPtKx0C&pg=PR3|year=1920|page=[https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=KU1TIJPtKx0C&pg=PA58 58]}}</ref>
* [[House of Savoy|Italian Royal Family]]: [[Supreme Order of the Most Holy Annunciation|Knight of the Annunciation]], ''5 July 1913''<ref name="dell'interno1920">{{cite book|author=Italy. Ministero dell'interno|title=Calendario generale del regno d'Italia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KU1TIJPtKx0C&pg=PR3|year=1920|page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=KU1TIJPtKx0C&pg=PA58 58]}}</ref>
* {{flag|Monaco}}: [[Order of Saint-Charles|Grand Cross of St. Charles]]
* Monaco: [[Order of Saint-Charles|Grand Cross of St. Charles]], ''14 April 1927''<ref>[https://journaldemonaco.gouv.mc/var/jdm/storage/original/application/a58ffde01d80f16ea18b8c0c15091868.pdf Journal de Monaco]</ref>
* {{flag|Netherlands}}: [[Order of the Netherlands Lion|Grand Cross of the Netherlands Lion]], ''6 July 1901''<ref>{{Cite newspaper The Times |articlename=Court Circular |day_of_week=Saturday |date=6 July 1901 |page_number=12 |issue=36500}}</ref>
* Netherlands: [[Order of the Netherlands Lion|Grand Cross of the Netherlands Lion]], ''6 July 1901''<ref>{{Cite newspaper The Times |title=Court Circular |date=6 July 1901 |page=12 |issue=36500}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|Kingdom of Romania}} [[Romanian Royal Family]]: Grand Cross of the [[Order of Carol I]]
* [[Romanian Royal Family]]: Grand Cross of the [[Order of Carol I]]
* {{flag|Thailand}}: Knight of the [[Order of the Royal House of Chakri]]
* Thailand: Knight of the [[Order of the Royal House of Chakri]]
* {{flagicon|Ottoman Empire}} [[House of Osman|Turkish Imperial Family]]:
* [[House of Osman|Turkish Imperial Family]]:
** [[Order of Osmanieh]], 1st Class
** [[Order of Osmanieh]], 1st Class
** Gold [[Imtiyaz Medal]]
** Gold [[Imtiyaz Medal]]
* {{flagicon|Tunisia}} [[Husainid dynasty|Tunisian Royal Family]]: Order of the Fundamental Pact
* [[Husainid dynasty|Tunisian Royal Family]]: Order of the Fundamental Pact
* {{flagcountry|United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland}}:
* United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland:
** Honorary Grand Cross of the [[Royal Victorian Order]], ''15 June 1905''<ref name="LG-27807-4251">[https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/27807/page/4251 ''The London Gazette''], issue 27807, p. 4251</ref>
** Honorary Knight Grand Cross of the [[Royal Victorian Order]], ''15 June 1905''<ref name="LG-27807-4251">{{London Gazette |issue=27807 |page=4251 |date=16 June 1905}}</ref>
** [[King George V Coronation Medal]]
** [[King George V Coronation Medal]]
* {{flagicon|German Empire}} [[House of Hohenzollern|German Imperial and Royal Family]]:
* [[House of Hohenzollern|German Imperial and Royal Family]]:
** [[Order of the Black Eagle|Knight of the Black Eagle]]
** [[Order of the Black Eagle|Knight of the Black Eagle]]
** [[Order of the Red Eagle|Grand Cross of the Red Eagle]]
** [[Order of the Red Eagle|Grand Cross of the Red Eagle]]
** [[Centenary Medal (Prussia)|Kaiser Wilhelm Memorial Medal]]
** [[Centenary Medal (Prussia)|Kaiser Wilhelm Memorial Medal]]
** {{flagicon|Baden}} [[House of Zähringen|Baden Grand Ducal Family]]:
** [[House of Zähringen|Baden Grand Ducal Family]]:
*** Knight of the [[House Order of Fidelity]], ''1902''<ref>''Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Großherzogtum Baden'' (1910), "Großherzogliche Orden" [https://digital.blb-karlsruhe.de/blbihd/periodical/pageview/1881289 p. 41]</ref>
*** Knight of the [[House Order of Fidelity]], ''1902''<ref>''Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Großherzogtum Baden'' (1910), "Großherzogliche Orden" [https://digital.blb-karlsruhe.de/blbihd/periodical/pageview/1881289 p. 41]</ref>
*** Jubilee Medal for 1902
*** Jubilee Medal for 1902
*** Commemorative Medal for the Golden Jubilee of Grand Duke Friedrich I and Grand Duchess Luise
*** Commemorative Medal for the Golden Jubilee of Grand Duke Friedrich I and Grand Duchess Luise
* {{flagicon|Russian Empire}} [[House of Romanov|Russian Imperial Family]]:
* [[House of Romanov|Russian Imperial Family]]:
** [[Order of St. Andrew|Knight of St. Andrew]]
** [[Order of St. Andrew|Knight of St. Andrew]]
** [[Order of St. Alexander Nevsky|Knight of St. Alexander Nevsky]]
** [[Order of St. Alexander Nevsky|Knight of St. Alexander Nevsky]]
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== Arms ==
== Arms ==
<gallery class=center widths=205 heights=250>
<gallery class="center" widths="205" heights="250">
File:Coat of arms of Prince Wilhelm, Duke of Södermanland (1884-1907).svg|Wilhelm's coat of arms as prince of Sweden and Norway, Duke of [[Södermanland]] 1884 to 1905
File:Coat of arms of Prince Wilhelm, Duke of Södermanland (1884-1907).svg|Wilhelm's coat of arms as prince of Sweden and Norway, Duke of [[Södermanland]] 1884 to 1905
File:Coat of arms of Prince Wilhelm, Duke of Södermanland (1907).svg|Wilhelm's coat of arms as prince of Sweden, Duke of [[Södermanland]] after 1907
File:Coat of arms of Prince Wilhelm, Duke of Södermanland (1907).svg|Wilhelm's coat of arms as prince of Sweden, Duke of [[Södermanland]] after 1907
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|boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc;
|boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc;
|boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc;
|boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc;
|boxstyle_5=background-color: #9fe;
|1= 1. '''Prince Wilhelm, Duke of Södermanland'''
|1= 1. '''Prince Wilhelm, Duke of Södermanland'''
|2= 2. [[Gustaf V of Sweden]]
|2= 2. [[Gustaf V of Sweden]]
Line 125: Line 127:
|14= 14. [[William I, German Emperor]]
|14= 14. [[William I, German Emperor]]
|15= 15. [[Augusta of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach|Princess Augusta of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach]]
|15= 15. [[Augusta of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach|Princess Augusta of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach]]
|16= 16. [[Charles XIV John of Sweden]]
|17= 17. [[Désirée Clary]]
|18= 18. [[Eugène de Beauharnais|Eugène de Beauharnais, Duke of Leuchtenberg]]
|19= 19. [[Princess Augusta of Bavaria]]
|20= 20. [[Frederick William, Prince of Nassau-Weilburg]]
|21= 21. [[Burgravine Louise Isabelle of Kirchberg]]
|22= 22. [[Prince Paul of Württemberg]]
|23= 23. [[Princess Charlotte of Saxe-Hildburghausen]]
|24= 24. [[Charles Frederick, Grand Duke of Baden]]
|25= 25. [[Louise Caroline of Hochberg|Louise Caroline Geyer of Geyersberg]]
|26= 26. [[Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden]]
|27= 27. [[Frederica of Baden|Princess Frederica of Baden]]
|28= 28. [[Frederick William III of Prussia]]
|29= 29. [[Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz|Duchess Louise of Mecklenburg-Strelitz]]
|30= 30. [[Charles Frederick, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach]]
|31= 31. [[Grand Duchess Maria Pavlovna of Russia (1786–1859)|Grand Duchess Maria Pavlovna of Russia]]
}}
}}


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[[Category:Commanders Grand Cross of the Order of the Sword]]
[[Category:Commanders Grand Cross of the Order of the Sword]]
[[Category:Commanders Grand Cross of the Order of the Polar Star]]
[[Category:Commanders Grand Cross of the Order of the Polar Star]]
[[Category:Grand Crosses of the Order of Vasa]]
[[Category:Commanders Grand Cross of the Order of Vasa]]
[[Category:Knights of the Order of the Norwegian Lion]]
[[Category:Knights of the Order of the Norwegian Lion]]
⚫
[[Category:Recipients of the Order of the Black Eagle]]
[[Category:Grand Crosses of the Order of the Red Eagle]]
[[Category:Recipients of the King Haakon VII Freedom Cross]]
[[Category:Recipients of the King Haakon VII Freedom Cross]]
[[Category:Honorary Knights Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order]]
[[Category:Honorary Knights Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order]]
[[Category:Recipients of the House Order of Fidelity]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Order of the Netherlands Lion]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Order of the Netherlands Lion]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Order of St. Andrew]]
[[Category:Grand Crosses of the Order of Saint-Charles]]
[[Category:Grand Crosses of the Order of Saint-Charles]]
[[Category:Grand Crosses of the Order of Carol I]]
[[Category:Dukes of Södermanland]]
[[Category:Dukes of Södermanland]]
[[Category:Sons of kings]]
[[Category:Swedish Navy rear admirals]]
[[Category:Swedish Army major generals]]
⚫
[[Category:Recipients of orders, decorations, and medals of Ethiopia]]

Latest revision as of 13:44, 2 June 2024

Prince Wilhelm
Duke of Södermanland
The Duke of Södermanland (1911)
Born(1884-06-17)17 June 1884
Tullgarn Palace, Trosa, Sweden
Died5 June 1965(1965-06-05) (aged 80)
Stenhammar Palace, Sweden
Spouse
​
​
(m. 1908; div. 1914)​
IssueLennart Bernadotte
Names
Carl Wilhelm Ludvig
HouseBernadotte
FatherGustaf V of Sweden
MotherVictoria of Baden

Prince Wilhelm of Sweden, Duke of Södermanland (Carl Wilhelm Ludvig; 17 June 1884 – 5 June 1965) was a Swedish and Norwegian prince. He authored many books (primarily in Swedish) as Prins Wilhelm.

Personal life

[edit]
Prince Wilhelm with his elder brother and father King Gustaf V at the 1912 Summer Olympics

Wilhelm was born at Tullgarn Palace, the second son of King Gustaf V of Sweden and his wife Victoria of Baden. [1]

Marriage and divorce

[edit]

On 3 May 1908, in Tsarskoye Selo, Wilhelm married Grand Duchess Maria Pavlovna of Russia, a daughter of Grand Duke Paul Alexandrovich of Russia by his first wife Princess Alexandra of Greece and Denmark. The bride was a cousin of the reigning Russian tsar, Nicholas II. The couple had one son: Lennart (1909–2004).

The marriage was unhappy. Their son, Lennart, later wrote an autobiography in which he revealed several details of the Swedish royal family. The autobiography tells of how Maria, like her aunt and namesake Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna, Duchess of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, felt that she had married beneath herself in marrying a younger son of the King of Sweden, and this caused problems of ego between the couple. Maria insisted that the servants address her by her correct style Your Imperial and Royal Highness, to the chagrin of her husband, who was merely a Royal Highness. When apprised of the matter, Wilhelm's father King Gustav V had no choice but to acquiesce with his daughter-in-law's wish, which was perfectly valid in law, and ordered that the imperial style be used invariably for Maria.

Maria sought a divorce because of what she described as the horror she then felt toward the Swedish royal family, due to their unlimited support of their official physician, Axel Munthe, who had accosted her sexually.[2] The divorce was granted in 1914, and Maria returned to Russia.

Later life

[edit]

Wilhelm had a relationship, which was not publicly known, with Jeanne de Tramcourt which lasted from around 1914 (starting date unknown) until Jeanne's death in 1952. They lived together for more than 30 years on the estate Stenhammar near Flen. This was at a time when cohabitation was very unusual and not officially allowed to occur among royalty. Jeanne de Tramcourt was therefore called his "hostess" at Stenhammar. On 2 January 1952 she died in a car accident in a snowstorm near Stjärnhov in Södermanland, when they were on their way to Stenhammar after visiting Wilhelm's son Lennart. Wilhelm was driving when the accident took place. After this tragedy, he is said never to have recovered.

Career and interests

[edit]

Wilhelm was a noted photographer and the author of several books written in Swedish under the pen name Prins Wilhelm.[3][4]

In keeping with protocol demanded of royalty in modern democracies, Wilhelm kept studiously away from politics. One of his rare forays into the political sphere happened during the Second World War, following the murder of the Danish playwright and Lutheran pastor Kaj Munk on 4 January 1944. It was alleged, perhaps correctly, that the occupying German forces (specifically the Gestapo) were behind the murder, and the Danish resistance newspaper De frie Danske carried condemnatory reactions from numerous influential Scandinavians. Wilhelm was one of those who condemned the murder.[5]

Death

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The simple grave of Prince Wilhelm and his first daughter-in-law Karin (Nissvandt) Bernadotte in Flen

Wilhelm suffered from emphysema caused by several years of chain smoking and died in his sleep, from a heart attack, in Flen, just 12 days before his 81st birthday.

Honours and awards

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He received the following orders and decorations:[6]

National honours

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Foreign honours

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Arms

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  • Wilhelm's coat of arms as prince of Sweden and Norway, Duke of Södermanland 1884 to 1905
    Wilhelm's coat of arms as prince of Sweden and Norway, Duke of Södermanland 1884 to 1905
  • Wilhelm's coat of arms as prince of Sweden, Duke of Södermanland after 1907
    Wilhelm's coat of arms as prince of Sweden, Duke of Södermanland after 1907

Ancestors

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References

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  1. ^ "Prince Wilhelm - Sveriges Kungahus". www.kungahuset.se. Retrieved 7 May 2020.
  2. ^ Lennart Bernadotte in Käre prins, godnatt! ISBN 91-0-041935-4 pp. 155-158
  3. ^ Amerika från estraden 1928
  4. ^ Känner du landet 1950
  5. ^ "KAJ MUNK IN MEMORIAM". De frie Danske (in Danish). January 1944. p. 6. Retrieved 18 November 2014. Nu er han borte. Myrdet af fire gangstere, en Forbrydelse uden lige. Hvor meningsløst: Ordet dør ikke, fordi man dræber Ordets Forkynder, Aanden knuses ikke af en Revolverkugle. Terror kan aldrig udslette Digterværk, saalidt som den formaar at undertrykke Ideer. Tankens Frihed overvinder selv den væreste Forbrydelse. Kaj Munk blev en Martyr for sit Frihedskrav, men hans skabende Kulturindsats skal leve med stigende Intensitet efter dette. Nordisk Litteratur har Landesorg
  6. ^ Sveriges statskalender (in Swedish), 1955, p. 6, retrieved 6 January 2018 – via runeberg.org
  7. ^ Sveriges statskalender (in Swedish), 1955, p. 127, retrieved 6 January 2018 – via runeberg.org
  8. ^ "The Order of the Norwegian Lion", The Royal House of Norway. Retrieved 10 August 2018.
  9. ^ Bille-Hansen, A. C.; Holck, Harald, eds. (1963) [1st pub.:1801]. Statshaandbog for Kongeriget Danmark for Aaret 1963 [State Manual of the Kingdom of Denmark for the Year 1963] (PDF). Kongelig Dansk Hof- og Statskalender (in Danish). Copenhagen: J.H. Schultz A.-S. Universitetsbogtrykkeri. p. 18. Retrieved 1 May 2020 – via da:DIS Danmark.
  10. ^ Italy. Ministero dell'interno (1920). Calendario generale del regno d'Italia. p. 58.
  11. ^ Journal de Monaco
  12. ^ "Court Circular". The Times. No. 36500. London. 6 July 1901. p. 12.
  13. ^ "No. 27807". The London Gazette. 16 June 1905. p. 4251.
  14. ^ Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Großherzogtum Baden (1910), "Großherzogliche Orden" p. 41


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Prince Wilhelm, Duke of Södermanland
Born: 17 June 1884 Died: 5 June 1965
Swedish royalty
Preceded by Duke of Södermanland Succeeded by
Prince Alexander, Duke of Södermanland
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