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==Incumbents== |
==Incumbents== |
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* [[President of Ireland|President]]: [[Douglas Hyde]] (from 25 June 1938) |
* [[President of Ireland|President]]: [[Douglas Hyde]] (from 25 June 1938) |
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* [[Taoiseach]]: [[Éamon de Valera]] ([[Fianna Fáil]]) |
* [[Taoiseach]]: [[Éamon de Valera]] ([[Fianna Fáil|FF]]) |
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* [[Tánaiste]]: [[Seán T. O'Kelly]] ([[Fianna Fáil|FF]]) |
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* [[Minister for Finance (Ireland)|Minister for Finance]]: [[Seán MacEntee]] ([[Fianna Fáil|FF]]) |
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* [[Chief Justice of Ireland|Chief Justice]]: [[Timothy Sullivan (Irish judge)|Timothy Sullivan]] |
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* [[Dáil Éireann|Dáil]]: |
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** [[9th Dáil|9th]] (until 27 May 1938) |
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** [[10th Dáil|10th]] (from 30 June 1938) |
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* [[Seanad Éireann|Seanad]]: |
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** [[2nd Seanad|2nd]] (from 27 April 1938 until 22 July 1938) |
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** [[3rd Seanad|3rd]] (from 7 September 1938) |
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== Events == |
== Events == |
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* 17 January – The [[Ford Motor Company]] in [[Cork (city)|Cork City]] produced its 25,000th car. |
* 17 January – The [[Ford Motor Company]] in [[Cork (city)|Cork City]] produced its 25,000th car. |
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* 13 April – The Department of Local Government & Public Health reported that cases of [[typhoid]] and [[diphtheria]] had reduced; however, infant deaths had increased. |
* 13 April – The Department of Local Government & Public Health reported that cases of [[typhoid]] and [[diphtheria]] had reduced; however, infant deaths had increased. |
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⚫ | * 25 April – An [[Anglo-Irish Trade Agreement]], signed between [[Republic of Ireland|Ireland]] and the [[United Kingdom]] in [[London]], settled the [[Anglo-Irish Trade War]] and agreed to the [[Royal Navy]] abandoning the British [[Sovereign Base Areas|sovereign bases]] at the [[Treaty Ports (Ireland)|Irish Treaty Ports]] in return for a payment of £10 million.<ref>{{cite book|last=Palmer|first=Alan|last2=Palmer |first2=Veronica|year=1992|title=The Chronology of British History|publisher=Century Ltd|location=London|pages=383–384|isbn=0-7126-5616-2}} Text of agreement published 26 April; ratified by the [[Eire (Confirmation of Agreements) Act 1938|Eire (Confirmation of Agreements) Act]] passed by the [[Parliament of the United Kingdom]] on 17 May.</ref> |
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* 21 April – [[Douglas Hyde]] was selected unanimously by the two main political parties to serve as the first [[President of Ireland]]. |
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* 4 May – In the [[1938 Irish presidential election|1938 presidential election]], [[Douglas Hyde]] was elected unopposed and was inaugurated on June 25 as [[President of Ireland|Ireland's first president]].<ref>{{cite web |
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⚫ | * 25 April – An [[Anglo-Irish Trade Agreement]], signed between [[Republic of Ireland|Ireland]] and the [[United Kingdom]] in [[London]], settled the [[Anglo-Irish Trade War]] and agreed to the [[Royal Navy]] abandoning the British [[Sovereign Base Areas|sovereign bases]] at the [[Treaty Ports (Ireland)|Irish Treaty Ports]] in return for a payment of £10 million.<ref>{{cite book|last=Palmer|first=Alan| |
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| url = https://electionsireland.org/result.cfm?election=1938P&cons=194 |
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⚫ | |||
| title = Presidential Election 25 June 1938 |
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| last1 = Took |
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| first1 = Christopher |
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| last2 = Donnelly |
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| first2 = Seán |
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| access-date = 2024-05-07 |
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| website = ElectionsIreland.org |
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}}</ref> |
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⚫ | |||
* 24 May – The new Anti-Partition Party took eight seats in a [[Unionism in Ireland|Unionist]]-controlled [[Londonderry Corporation]]. |
* 24 May – The new Anti-Partition Party took eight seats in a [[Unionism in Ireland|Unionist]]-controlled [[Londonderry Corporation]]. |
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* 17 June – [[1938 Irish general election]]: The [[Fianna Fáil]] party |
* 17 June – [[1938 Irish general election]]: The [[Fianna Fáil]] party led by [[Éamon de Valera]] retained power, winning the first overall majority in the history of the State. |
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* 30 June – [[10th Dáil]] |
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⚫ | * 7 July – The [[List of ambassadors of the United States to the United Kingdom|American ambassador to Britain]], [[Joseph P. Kennedy Sr.|Joseph Kennedy]], father of the future US president [[John F. Kennedy|John]], accompanied by his wife, [[Rose Kennedy|Rose]] and eldest son, [[Joseph P. Kennedy Jr.|Joseph Jr.]], arrived in [[Dublin]] to receive an honorary doctorate from the [[National University of Ireland]]. During his two-day visit, the ambassador met President Douglas Hyde, Taoiseach and Minister for External Affairs Éamon de Valera, Lord Mayor of Dublin [[Alfie Byrne]], and the Papal Nuncio [[Paschal Robinson]]. He visited the [[Book of Kells]] and the [[National Museum of Ireland|National Museum]], and attended a state banquet in his honour at [[Dublin Castle]].<ref>{{cite book |
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* 25 June – [[Douglas Hyde]] was inaugurated as the first [[President of Ireland]]. |
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|last = Tubridy |
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⚫ | * 7 July – The [[List of ambassadors of the United States to the United Kingdom|American ambassador to Britain]], [[Joseph P. Kennedy Sr.|Joseph Kennedy]], father of the future US president [[John F. Kennedy|John]], accompanied by his wife, [[Rose Kennedy|Rose]] and eldest son, [[Joseph P. Kennedy Jr.|Joseph Jr.]], arrived in [[Dublin]] to receive an honorary doctorate from the [[National University of Ireland]]. During his two-day visit, the ambassador met |
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|first = Ryan |
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⚫ | * 11 |
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|date = 2010 |
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|title = JFK in Ireland: Four Days That Changed a President |
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| url = https://archive.org/details/jfkinireland0000tubr |
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| location = London |
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| publisher = HarperCollins |
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| pages = 16–23 |
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|isbn=978-0-00-731759-2}}</ref> |
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⚫ | * 11 July–3 October – Military installations at the [[Treaty Ports (Ireland)|Treaty Ports]] in the Republic ([[Berehaven]], [[Spike Island, County Cork|Spike Island]] at [[Cobh]], and [[Lough Swilly]]) were handed over from British control to the [[Government of Ireland]], under the terms of the [[Anglo-Irish Trade Agreement]]. |
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* 8 August – [[Dublin Corporation]] purchased 16 sets of traffic lights. |
* 8 August – [[Dublin Corporation]] purchased 16 sets of traffic lights. |
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* 21 August – The £50,000 Cusack Stand with a capacity of 20,000 seats officially opened at [[Gaelic Athletic Association]] headquarters in [[Croke Park]]. |
* 21 August – The £50,000 Cusack Stand with a capacity of 20,000 seats officially opened at [[Gaelic Athletic Association]] headquarters in [[Croke Park]]. |
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* 12 September – Éamon de Valera was elected President of the Assembly of the [[League of Nations]] in [[Geneva]]. |
* 12 September – Éamon de Valera was elected President of the Assembly of the [[League of Nations]] in [[Geneva]]. |
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* 13 November – President Douglas Hyde attended an Ireland versus Poland friendly football match at [[Dalymount Park]] in Dublin, accompanied by Taoiseach Éamon de Valera, the Minister for Posts and Telegraphs, [[Oscar Traynor]], and Attorney General [[Patrick Lynch (Irish attorney general)|Paddy Lynch]]. [[Association football]] being an English game, this provoked a public outcry from nationalist sporting quarters which resulted in Hyde being removed as patron of the [[Gaelic Athletic Association]] (GAA), and shunned. He was not reinstated by the GAA before his death, in July 1949. The Taoiseach and Minister who attended this Irish 3–2 victory were not patrons of the GAA and thus were not sanctioned by that organisation.<ref name="Moore">{{cite book | last = Moore | first = Cormac | date = 2013 | title = The GAA v Douglas Hyde: The Removal of Ireland's First President as GAA Patron | url = https://archive.org/details/gaavdouglashyder0000moor | location = [[Wilton, Cork]] | publisher = Collins Press | isbn=978-1848891524}}</ref><ref> |
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* 17 December – The Gaelic Athletic Association confirmed that President Douglas Hyde will cease to be a patron of the organisation because of his attendance at an international soccer match. |
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* [https://www.independent.ie/irish-news/how-presidents-soccer-insult-led-to-war-with-gaa/28813744.html How President's soccer 'insult' led to war with GAA] Irish Independent, 2012-09-24. |
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* [https://www.irishtimes.com/culture/books/the-president-the-ban-and-the-truly-gaelic-gaels-1.1251108 The president, the ban and the truly Gaelic Gaels] The Irish Times, 2013-02-09.</ref><ref name="rsssf">{{cite web |
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| url = https://www.rsssf.org/tablesi/ier-intres.html |
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| title = Ireland - International Results |
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| last1 = Nygård |
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| first1 = Jostein |
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| last2 = Byrne |
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| first2 = Damian |
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| website = Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation |
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| access-date = 2023-11-12}}</ref> |
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==Arts and literature== |
==Arts and literature== |
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*19 August – [[W. B. Yeats]]' drama ''[[Purgatory (drama)|Purgatory]]'' premiered at the [[Abbey Theatre]], Dublin. |
* 19 August – [[W. B. Yeats]]' drama ''[[Purgatory (drama)|Purgatory]]'' premiered at the [[Abbey Theatre]], Dublin. |
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* [[Samuel Beckett]] published his novel ''[[Murphy (novel)|Murphy]]''. |
* [[Samuel Beckett]] published his novel ''[[Murphy (novel)|Murphy]]''. |
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* [[Cecil Day-Lewis]] published ''Overtures to Death, and Other Poems''.<ref name=cocel>{{cite book|editor=Cox, Michael|title=The Concise Oxford Chronology of English Literature|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2004|isbn=0-19-860634-6|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/conciseoxfordchr00coxm}}</ref> |
* [[Cecil Day-Lewis]] published ''Overtures to Death, and Other Poems''.<ref name=cocel>{{cite book|editor=Cox, Michael|title=The Concise Oxford Chronology of English Literature|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2004|isbn=0-19-860634-6|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/conciseoxfordchr00coxm}}</ref> |
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==Sport== |
==Sport== |
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=== |
===Association football=== |
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==== International results ==== |
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* 18 May – [[Czechoslovakia national football team|Czechoslovakia]] 2–2 [[Republic of Ireland national football team|Ireland]].<ref name="rsssf" /> |
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* 22 May – [[Poland national football team|Poland]] 6–0 Ireland.<ref name="Moore" />{{rp|86}}<ref name="rsssf" /> |
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* 18 September – Ireland 4–0 [[Switzerland national football team|Switzerland]].<ref name="rsssf" /> |
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* 13 November – Ireland 3–2 Poland.<ref name="Moore" />{{rp|86}}<ref name="rsssf" /> |
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==== Domestic results ==== |
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*;[[League of Ireland]] |
*;[[League of Ireland]] |
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*:Winners: [[Shamrock Rovers F.C.|Shamrock Rovers]] |
*:Winners: [[Shamrock Rovers F.C.|Shamrock Rovers]] |
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*;[[FAI Cup]] |
*;[[FAI Cup]] |
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*:Winners: [[St James's Gate F.C.|St James' Gate]] 2–1 [[Dundalk F.C.|Dundalk]] |
*:Winners: [[St James's Gate F.C.|St James' Gate]] 2–1 [[Dundalk F.C.|Dundalk]] |
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* 27 March – [[Owen Dudley Edwards]], historian and writer. |
* 27 March – [[Owen Dudley Edwards]], historian and writer. |
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* 4 April – [[Declan Mulligan]], rock guitarist. |
* 4 April – [[Declan Mulligan]], rock guitarist. |
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* 29 April – [[Ray MacSharry]], Tánaiste, Fianna Fáil TD, Cabinet Minister and European Commissioner. |
* 29 April – [[Ray MacSharry]], Tánaiste, Fianna Fáil [[Teachta Dála]] (TD), Cabinet Minister and European Commissioner. |
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* 2 May – [[Douglas Goodwin]], cricketer. |
* 2 May – [[Douglas Goodwin]], cricketer. |
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* 13 May – [[Patrick Dineen]], cricketer. |
* 13 May – [[Patrick Dineen]], cricketer. |
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* 15 June – [[Mary Turner (trade unionist)|Mary Turner]], trade unionist in Britain (died 2017). |
* 15 June – [[Mary Turner (trade unionist)|Mary Turner]], trade unionist in Britain (died 2017). |
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* 2 July – [[John McDonnell (coach)|John McDonnell]], head coach for the [[University of Arkansas]] [[Arkansas Razorbacks|Razorbacks]] [[Track and field|track]] team. (died 2021) |
* 2 July – [[John McDonnell (coach)|John McDonnell]], head coach for the [[University of Arkansas]] [[Arkansas Razorbacks|Razorbacks]] [[Track and field|track]] team. (died 2021) |
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* 15 July – [[Andy McEvoy]], |
* 15 July – [[Andy McEvoy]], association football player (died 1994). |
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* July – [[Seán Ó Cionnaith]], [[Workers' Party (Ireland)|Workers' Party]] politician (died 2003). |
* July – [[Seán Ó Cionnaith]], [[Workers' Party (Ireland)|Workers' Party]] politician (died 2003). |
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* 1 August – [[Paddy Moloney]], traditional musician with [[The Chieftains]] (died 2021). |
* 1 August – [[Paddy Moloney]], traditional musician with [[The Chieftains]] (died 2021). |
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* 3 August – [[Terry Wogan]], [[RTÉ]] and [[BBC]] broadcaster (died 2016). |
* 3 August – [[Terry Wogan]], [[RTÉ]] and [[BBC]] broadcaster (died 2016). |
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* 5 October – [[Frank Patterson]], tenor (died 2000). |
* 5 October – [[Frank Patterson]], tenor (died 2000). |
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* 16 October – [[Gerry Collins (politician)|Gerry Collins]], [[Fianna Fáil]] |
* 16 October – [[Gerry Collins (politician)|Gerry Collins]], [[Fianna Fáil]] TD for [[Limerick West (Dáil constituency)|Limerick West]], Cabinet Minister and [[Member of the European Parliament]]. |
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* 29 October – [[John Kirby (Roman Catholic Bishop)|John Kirby]], Roman Catholic Bishop of Clonfert. |
* 29 October – [[John Kirby (Roman Catholic Bishop)|John Kirby]], Roman Catholic Bishop of Clonfert. |
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* 31 October – [[Anne Buttimer]], geographer (died 2017). |
* 31 October – [[Anne Buttimer]], geographer (died 2017). |
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* 12 December – [[Dick Dowling]], [[Fine Gael]] TD for [[Carlow–Kilkenny (Dáil constituency)|Carlow–Kilkenny]] (died 2024) |
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* 28 December – [[Frank Kelly]], actor (died 2016). |
* 28 December – [[Frank Kelly]], actor (died 2016). |
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==Deaths== |
==Deaths== |
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*24 February – [[Thomas Gann]], doctor, archaeologist and writer (born |
* 24 February – [[Thomas Gann]], doctor, archaeologist and writer (born 1867). |
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*3 June – [[John Flanagan ( |
* 3 June – [[John Flanagan (hammer thrower)|John Flanagan]], three-time Olympic gold medalist in the hammer throw (born 1873). |
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*27 July – [[Tom Crean (explorer)|Tom Crean]], Antarctic explorer and publican (born |
* 27 July – [[Tom Crean (explorer)|Tom Crean]], Antarctic explorer and publican (born 1877). |
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*4 August – [[William Moxley]], representative from Illinois' 6th congressional district (born |
* 4 August – [[William Moxley]], representative from Illinois' 6th congressional district (born 1851). |
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*8 September – [[Robert Henry Woods]], Irish Unionist MP (born [[1865 in Ireland|1865]]). |
* 8 September – [[Robert Henry Woods]], Irish Unionist MP (born [[1865 in Ireland|1865]]). |
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*21 October – Sir [[John Purser Griffith]], member of the Seanad. |
* 21 October – Sir [[John Purser Griffith]], member of the [[Seanad Éireann|Seanad]]. |
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*7 November – [[James Murray Irwin]], British Army doctor (born |
* 7 November – [[James Murray Irwin]], British Army doctor (born 1858). |
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*12 December – [[James McNeill]], politician and second Governor-General of the Irish Free State (born |
* 12 December – [[James McNeill]], politician and second Governor-General of the [[Irish Free State]] (born 1869). |
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==References== |
==References== |
Latest revision as of 00:56, 21 September 2024
This article needs additional citations for verification. (February 2012) |
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See also: | 1938 in Northern Ireland Other events of 1938 List of years in Ireland |
Events from the year 1938 in Ireland.
Incumbents
[edit]- President: Douglas Hyde (from 25 June 1938)
- Taoiseach: Éamon de Valera (FF)
- Tánaiste: Seán T. O'Kelly (FF)
- Minister for Finance: Seán MacEntee (FF)
- Chief Justice: Timothy Sullivan
- Dáil:
- Seanad:
Events
[edit]- 17 January – The Ford Motor Company in Cork City produced its 25,000th car.
- 13 April – The Department of Local Government & Public Health reported that cases of typhoid and diphtheria had reduced; however, infant deaths had increased.
- 25 April – An Anglo-Irish Trade Agreement, signed between Ireland and the United Kingdom in London, settled the Anglo-Irish Trade War and agreed to the Royal Navy abandoning the British sovereign bases at the Irish Treaty Ports in return for a payment of £10 million.[1]
- 4 May – In the 1938 presidential election, Douglas Hyde was elected unopposed and was inaugurated on June 25 as Ireland's first president.[2]
- 10 May – The Government made an order converting the "Saorstát pound" to the "Irish pound" as part of new constitutional reforms.
- 24 May – The new Anti-Partition Party took eight seats in a Unionist-controlled Londonderry Corporation.
- 17 June – 1938 Irish general election: The Fianna Fáil party led by Éamon de Valera retained power, winning the first overall majority in the history of the State.
- 30 June – 10th Dáil
- 7 July – The American ambassador to Britain, Joseph Kennedy, father of the future US president John, accompanied by his wife, Rose and eldest son, Joseph Jr., arrived in Dublin to receive an honorary doctorate from the National University of Ireland. During his two-day visit, the ambassador met President Douglas Hyde, Taoiseach and Minister for External Affairs Éamon de Valera, Lord Mayor of Dublin Alfie Byrne, and the Papal Nuncio Paschal Robinson. He visited the Book of Kells and the National Museum, and attended a state banquet in his honour at Dublin Castle.[3]
- 11 July–3 October – Military installations at the Treaty Ports in the Republic (Berehaven, Spike Island at Cobh, and Lough Swilly) were handed over from British control to the Government of Ireland, under the terms of the Anglo-Irish Trade Agreement.
- 8 August – Dublin Corporation purchased 16 sets of traffic lights.
- 21 August – The £50,000 Cusack Stand with a capacity of 20,000 seats officially opened at Gaelic Athletic Association headquarters in Croke Park.
- 12 September – Éamon de Valera was elected President of the Assembly of the League of Nations in Geneva.
- 13 November – President Douglas Hyde attended an Ireland versus Poland friendly football match at Dalymount Park in Dublin, accompanied by Taoiseach Éamon de Valera, the Minister for Posts and Telegraphs, Oscar Traynor, and Attorney General Paddy Lynch. Association football being an English game, this provoked a public outcry from nationalist sporting quarters which resulted in Hyde being removed as patron of the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA), and shunned. He was not reinstated by the GAA before his death, in July 1949. The Taoiseach and Minister who attended this Irish 3–2 victory were not patrons of the GAA and thus were not sanctioned by that organisation.[4][5][6]
Arts and literature
[edit]- 19 August – W. B. Yeats' drama Purgatory premiered at the Abbey Theatre, Dublin.
- Samuel Beckett published his novel Murphy.
- Cecil Day-Lewis published Overtures to Death, and Other Poems.[7]
- Oliver St. John Gogarty published his poetry Others to Adorn, with a preface by W. B. Yeats.[7]
- Louis MacNeice published I Crossed the Minch and his poetry The Earth Compels.[7]
- Artist Colin Middleton first exhibited at the Royal Hibernian Academy.
- Ewart Milne published his poetry Forty North Fifty West, with woodcuts by Cecil Salkeld.
- Kate O'Brien published her novel Pray for the Wanderer.
- W. B. Yeats published New Poems, including "Lapis Lazuli".
Sport
[edit]Association football
[edit]International results
[edit]- 18 May – Czechoslovakia 2–2 Ireland.[6]
- 22 May – Poland 6–0 Ireland.[4]: 86 [6]
- 18 September – Ireland 4–0 Switzerland.[6]
- 13 November – Ireland 3–2 Poland.[4]: 86 [6]
Domestic results
[edit]- League of Ireland
- Winners: Shamrock Rovers
- FAI Cup
- Winners: St James' Gate 2–1 Dundalk
Golf
[edit]- Irish Open was won by Bobby Locke (South Africa).
Births
[edit]- 4 January – Jim Norton, character actor.
- 30 January – Mick Lanigan, Fianna Fáil Senator.
- 2 February
- John Moriarty, writer and philosopher (died 2007).
- Detta O'Cathain, Baroness O'Cathain, businesswoman and Conservative politician in Britain (died 2021).
- 27 March – Owen Dudley Edwards, historian and writer.
- 4 April – Declan Mulligan, rock guitarist.
- 29 April – Ray MacSharry, Tánaiste, Fianna Fáil Teachta Dála (TD), Cabinet Minister and European Commissioner.
- 2 May – Douglas Goodwin, cricketer.
- 13 May – Patrick Dineen, cricketer.
- 15 June – Mary Turner, trade unionist in Britain (died 2017).
- 2 July – John McDonnell, head coach for the University of Arkansas Razorbacks track team. (died 2021)
- 15 July – Andy McEvoy, association football player (died 1994).
- July – Seán Ó Cionnaith, Workers' Party politician (died 2003).
- 1 August – Paddy Moloney, traditional musician with The Chieftains (died 2021).
- 3 August – Terry Wogan, RTÉ and BBC broadcaster (died 2016).
- 5 October – Frank Patterson, tenor (died 2000).
- 16 October – Gerry Collins, Fianna Fáil TD for Limerick West, Cabinet Minister and Member of the European Parliament.
- 29 October – John Kirby, Roman Catholic Bishop of Clonfert.
- 31 October – Anne Buttimer, geographer (died 2017).
- 12 December – Dick Dowling, Fine Gael TD for Carlow–Kilkenny (died 2024)
- 28 December – Frank Kelly, actor (died 2016).
Full date unknown
[edit]- John Behan, sculptor.
- Gerald Davis, artist (died 2005).
- Pa Dillon, Kilkenny hurler (died 2013).
- Jim Lane, Irish republican and socialist.
- Úna O'Connor, camogie player (died 2020).
Deaths
[edit]- 24 February – Thomas Gann, doctor, archaeologist and writer (born 1867).
- 3 June – John Flanagan, three-time Olympic gold medalist in the hammer throw (born 1873).
- 27 July – Tom Crean, Antarctic explorer and publican (born 1877).
- 4 August – William Moxley, representative from Illinois' 6th congressional district (born 1851).
- 8 September – Robert Henry Woods, Irish Unionist MP (born 1865).
- 21 October – Sir John Purser Griffith, member of the Seanad.
- 7 November – James Murray Irwin, British Army doctor (born 1858).
- 12 December – James McNeill, politician and second Governor-General of the Irish Free State (born 1869).
References
[edit]- ^ Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 383–384. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2. Text of agreement published 26 April; ratified by the Eire (Confirmation of Agreements) Act passed by the Parliament of the United Kingdom on 17 May.
- ^ Took, Christopher; Donnelly, Seán. "Presidential Election 25 June 1938". ElectionsIreland.org. Retrieved 7 May 2024.
- ^ Tubridy, Ryan (2010). JFK in Ireland: Four Days That Changed a President. London: HarperCollins. pp. 16–23. ISBN 978-0-00-731759-2.
- ^ a b c Moore, Cormac (2013). The GAA v Douglas Hyde: The Removal of Ireland's First President as GAA Patron. Wilton, Cork: Collins Press. ISBN 978-1848891524.
- ^
- How President's soccer 'insult' led to war with GAA Irish Independent, 2012-09-24.
- The president, the ban and the truly Gaelic Gaels The Irish Times, 2013-02-09.
- ^ a b c d e Nygård, Jostein; Byrne, Damian. "Ireland - International Results". Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation. Retrieved 12 November 2023.
- ^ a b c Cox, Michael, ed. (2004). The Concise Oxford Chronology of English Literature. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-860634-6.