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{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}}
{{Infobox country
{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = Republic of Logone
| conventional_long_name = Republic of Logone
| common_name = Logone
| common_name = Logone
| native_name =
| native_name = {{Plainlist|
* {{Native name|fr|République de Logone}}
| image_flag = Flag of Dar El Kuti Republic.svg
}}
| flag_caption = [[Flag of the Republic of Logone|Flag]]
| image_coat =
| image_flag = Flag of Dar El Kuti Republic.svg
| national_motto =
| flag_caption = [[#Flag|Flag]]
| national_anthem =
| image_coat =
| national_motto =
⚫
| image_map = Central African Republic - Dar-el-Kuti.svg
| map_caption = Territories claimed by Logone
| national_anthem =
| capital = [[Kaga-Bandoro]]<ref name="SCR">cite</ref>
| image_map = Central African Republic - Dar-el-Kuti.svg
| largest_city = [[Bria, Central African Republic|Bria]]
| map_caption = Territories claimed by Logone
| capital = [[Kaga-Bandoro]]<ref name="SCR">{{cite web|url=http://www.securitycouncilreport.org/monthly-forecast/2016-01/central_african_republic_14.php|title=Central African Republic: January 2016 Monthly Forecast: Security Council Report|access-date=22 April 2017}}</ref><ref name="WashingtonPost"/>
| official_languages =
⚫
| largest_city = [[Bria, Central African Republic|Bria]]
⚫
| common_languages = [[French language|French]]{{·}}[[Arabic language|Arabic]]{{·}}[[Sango language|Sango]]
| ethnic_groups =
| official_languages =
⚫
| common_languages = [[French language|French]]{{·}}[[Arabic language|Arabic]]{{·}}[[Sango language|Sango]]
⚫
| ethnic_groups_year =
| demonym =
| ethnic_groups =
⚫
| ethnic_groups_year =
⚫
| government_type = [[One-party state|One-party]] [[republic]]
| leader_title1 = President
| demonym =
⚫
| government_type = [[Republic]]
| leader_name1 = [[Noureddine Adam]]<ref name="https://web.archive.org/web/20170423153715/http://af.reuters.com/article/topNews/idAFKBN0TZ0TW20151216?pageNumber=3&virtualBrandChannel=0&sp=true">{{cite}}</ref>
| leader_title2 =
| leader_title1 =
| leader_name2 =
| leader_name1 =
| leader_title3 =
| leader_title2 =
| leader_name3 =
| leader_name2 =
| legislature =
| leader_title3 =
| sovereignty_type = [[Proto-state]]
| leader_name3 =
| legislature =
| established_event1 = Independence declaration from the [[Central African Republic]]
| status = Unrecognized [[proto-state]]
| established_date1 = 14 December 2015
| area_km2 = 217,101
| event_start = Independence declaration from the [[Central African Republic]]
| area_rank =
| date_start = 14 December 2015
| area_sq_mi =
| area_km2 = 217,101
| percent_water =
| area_rank =
| population_estimate =
| area_sq_mi =
| population_census = 297,861
| percent_water =
| population_estimate =
| population_census = 297,861
| population_estimate_rank =
| population_estimate_rank =
| population_census_year = 2003
| population_census_year = 2003
| population_density_km2 =
| population_density_km2 =
| population_density_sq_mi =
| population_density_sq_mi =
| population_density_rank =
| population_density_rank =
| currency =
| currency =
| time_zone = [[West Africa Time|WAT]]
| time_zone = [[West Africa Time|WAT]]
| utc_offset = +1
| utc_offset = +1
| calling_code =
| calling_code =
| area_magnitude =
| area_magnitude =
| GDP_PPP =
| GDP_PPP =
| GDP_PPP_year =
| GDP_PPP_year =
| HDI =
| HDI =
| HDI_year =
| HDI_year =
| today =
| today =
}}
}}


The '''Republic of Logone''' ({{lang-fr|République de Logone}}),<ref>{{cite news|title=Centrafrique : à la rencontre des ex-rebelles putschistes|language=fr|url=https://www.france24.com/fr/20180713-reporters-doc-centrafrique-voie-armes-seleka-logone-ndele-independance-autonomie|newspaper=[[France 24]]|date=13 July 2016|first1=Anthony |last1=Fouchard|first2=James |last2=André }}</ref> also known as '''Dar al-Kuti''' ({{lang-fr|Dar el-Kouti|links=no}}),<ref name="first"/> was a partially-realized, self-declared [[Autonomous administrative division|autonomous region]] and [[proto-state]] internationally recognised as part of the [[Central African Republic]]. It was formed by the Muslim rebel movement [[Popular Front for the Rebirth of Central African Republic]] (FPRC) with support of other armed groups on 14 December 2015.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Dembassa-Kette|first1=Crispin|title=Rebel declares autonomous state in Central African Republic|url=https://af.reuters.com/article/topNews/idAFKBN0TZ0TW20151216?pageNumber=3&virtualBrandChannel=0&sp=true|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170423153715/http://af.reuters.com/article/topNews/idAFKBN0TZ0TW20151216?pageNumber=3&virtualBrandChannel=0&sp=true|url-status=dead|archive-date=23 April 2017|work=af.reuters.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/para/logone.htm|title=Seleka|first=John|last=Pike|publisher=|accessdate=22 April 2017}}</ref>
The '''Republic of Logone''' ({{lang-fr|République de Logone}}),<ref name=":0">{{cite news|title=Centrafrique: à la rencontre des ex-rebelles putschistes|language=fr|url=https://www.france24.com/fr/20180713-reporters-doc-centrafrique-voie-armes-seleka-logone-ndele-independance-autonomie|newspaper=[[France 24]]|date=13 July 2016|first1=Anthony |last1=Fouchard|first2=James |last2=André }}</ref> also known as '''Dar al-Kuti''' ({{lang-fr|Dar el-Kouti|links=no}}),<ref name="first"/> is a partially realized, self-declared [[Autonomous administrative division|autonomous region]] and [[proto-state]] internationally recognised as part of the [[Central African Republic]]. It was formed by the Muslim rebel movement [[Popular Front for the Rebirth of Central African Republic]] (FPRC) with support of other armed groups on 14 December 2015.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Dembassa-Kette|first1=Crispin|title=Rebel declares autonomous state in Central African Republic|url=https://af.reuters.com/article/topNews/idAFKBN0TZ0TW20151216?pageNumber=3&virtualBrandChannel=0&sp=true|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170423153715/http://af.reuters.com/article/topNews/idAFKBN0TZ0TW20151216?pageNumber=3&virtualBrandChannel=0&sp=true|archive-date=23 April 2017|work=af.reuters.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/para/logone.htm|title=Seleka|first=John|last=Pike|access-date=22 April 2017}}</ref>

== Background ==
{{Main|Islam in the Central African Republic}}
[[Islam]] is a minority religion in the [[Islam in the Central African Republic|Central African Republic]], practiced by approximately 15% of the population in 2012, with 85% of the population of practicing Christianity.<ref name=":0" />

⚫
In March 2013, during the [[Central African Republic Civil War (2012–present)|Central African Republic Civil War]] which began a year earlier, the Muslim Séléka rebels forced the Christian president of the Central African Republic [[François Bozizé]] from his office, resulting in violence from the Christian [[anti-balaka]] militias. The UN sent in [[MINUSCA]] troops and scheduled a constitutional referendum for 13 December 2015 and national elections on 27 December in order to stabilize the country.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-centralafrica-referendum-idUKKBN0TX1T620151214|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222112321/http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-centralafrica-referendum-idUKKBN0TX1T620151214|url-status=dead|archive-date=22 December 2015|title=Voting extended for Central African referendum after violence|date=14 December 2015|work=Reuters|access-date=11 April 2020|language=en}}</ref> However, [[Noureddine Adam]], the leader of the [[Popular Front for the Rebirth of Central African Republic]] ([[Séléka#Ex-seleka militias|FPRC]]), one of the four Muslim Séléka militias, abstained from the scheduled elections. In his view, Muslims and Christians could no longer live together in one country.<ref name="WashingtonPost">{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/central-african-republic-rebels-declare-autonomous-state-in-north/2015/12/15/8efdd3a8-a380-11e5-ad3f-991ce3374e23_story.html|title=Muslim rebels declare autonomous state in Central African Republic|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |access-date=22 April 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www1.cbn.com/cbnnews/world/2015/December/Rebels-in-Central-African-Republic-Seek-Muslim-Christian-States|title=Rebels in Central African Republic Seek Muslim-Christian States|date=16 December 2015 |access-date=22 April 2017}}</ref>


== History ==
== History ==
[[File:CentralAfricanRepublic2017.svg|300px|thumb|{{legend|#d7f4e3ff|Territories under control of FPRC in 2017, before government forces made major advances}}]]
[[File:War in Central African Republic.svg|left|thumb|Situation in Central African Republic in March 2022]]
⚫
In March 2013, during the [[Central African Republic Civil War (2012–present)|Central African Republic Civil War]] which began a year earlier, the Muslim Séléka rebels forced the Christian president of the Central African Republic [[François Bozizé]] from his office, resulting in violence from the Christian [[anti-balaka]] militias. The UN sent in [[MINUSCA]] troops and scheduled a constitutional referendum for 13 December 2015 and national elections on 27 December in order to stabilize the country.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-centralafrica-referendum-idUKKBN0TX1T620151214|title=Voting extended for Central African referendum after violence|date=14 December 2015|work=Reuters|access-date=11 April 2020|language=en}}</ref> However, [[Noureddine Adam]], the leader of the [[Popular Front for the Rebirth of Central African Republic]] ([[Séléka#Ex-seleka militias|FPRC]]), one of the four Muslim Séléka militias, abstained from the scheduled elections. In his view, Muslims and Christians could no longer live together in one country.<ref name="WashingtonPost">{{cite news|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/central-african-republic-rebels-declare-autonomous-state-in-north/2015/12/15/8efdd3a8-a380-11e5-ad3f-991ce3374e23_story.html|title=Muslim rebels declare autonomous state in Central African Republic|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |publisher=|accessdate=22 April 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www1.cbn.com/cbnnews/world/2015/December/Rebels-in-Central-African-Republic-Seek-Muslim-Christian-States|title=Rebels in Central African Republic Seek Muslim-Christian States|date=16 December 2015 |publisher=|accessdate=22 April 2017}}</ref> On 14 December 2015, Adam's spokesman, [[Maouloud Moussa]], declared the [[autonomous]] Republic of Logone in the northeast of the country. He explained that they wanted first to achieve autonomy within the Central African Republic and eventually absolute independence.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://aa.com.tr/en/todays-headlines/rebel-declares-new-state-in-central-african-republic/491864|title=Rebel declares new state in Central African Republic|publisher=|accessdate=22 April 2017}}</ref> Later, it was announced that the name of the new republic would be "Dar al-Kuti" after the historic [[Dar al Kuti|Dar al-Kuti sultanate]].{{citation needed|date=July 2020}}


On 14 December 2015, Adam's spokesman, [[Maouloud Moussa]], declared the [[autonomous]] Republic of Logone in the northeast of the country. He explained that they wanted first to achieve autonomy within the Central African Republic and eventually absolute independence.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://aa.com.tr/en/todays-headlines/rebel-declares-new-state-in-central-african-republic/491864|title=Rebel declares new state in Central African Republic|access-date=22 April 2017}}</ref> Later, it was announced that the name of the new republic would be "Dar al-Kuti" after the historic [[Dar al Kuti|Dar al-Kuti sultanate]].{{citation needed|date=July 2020}}
⚫
Louisa Lombard, a professor of [[anthropology]] at the [[Yale University]], explained that it is possible that declaration of a new republic was a negotiating tactic for upcoming elections or a method for increasing influence, and that the rebels did not really believe that it is feasible to create a new state.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201512160334.html|title=Central African Republic: CAR Rebel Leader Declares Autonomous State|date=16 December 2015|publisher=|accessdate=22 April 2017|via=AllAfrica}}</ref>

⚫
Louisa Lombard, a professor of [[anthropology]] at the [[Yale University]], explained that it is possible that declaration of a new republic was a negotiating tactic for upcoming elections or a method for increasing influence, and that the rebels did not really believe that it is feasible to create a new state.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://allafrica.com/stories/201512160334.html|title=Central African Republic: CAR Rebel Leader Declares Autonomous State|date=16 December 2015|access-date=22 April 2017|via=AllAfrica}}</ref>


Besides FPRC the independence of Republic of Logone has been supported by [[Central African Patriotic Movement|MPC]], RPRC and [[Movement of Central African Liberators for Justice|MLCJ]] armed groups.<ref name="first">[https://enoughproject.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/TESTSplintered-warfare-LOCKED-7.31.17.pdf Splintered warfare: Alliances, affiliations, and agendas of armed factions and politicomilitary groups in the Central African Republic], August 2017</ref>
Besides FPRC the independence of Republic of Logone has been supported by [[Central African Patriotic Movement|MPC]], RPRC and [[Movement of Central African Liberators for Justice|MLCJ]] armed groups.<ref name="first">[https://enoughproject.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/TESTSplintered-warfare-LOCKED-7.31.17.pdf Splintered warfare: Alliances, affiliations, and agendas of armed factions and politicomilitary groups in the Central African Republic], August 2017</ref>


On 10 April 2021 Kaga-Bandoro was recaptured by government forces.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Centrafrique: l'armée et ses alliés reprennent la ville stratégique de Kaga-Bandoro|url=https://fr.news.yahoo.com/centrafrique-l-arm%C3%A9e-reprend-contr%C3%B4le-133700753.html|access-date=2021-04-12|website=fr.news.yahoo.com|language=fr-FR}}</ref>
On 10 April 2021, Kaga-Bandoro was recaptured by government forces.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Centrafrique: l'armée et ses alliés reprennent la ville stratégique de Kaga-Bandoro|url=https://fr.news.yahoo.com/centrafrique-l-arm%C3%A9e-reprend-contr%C3%B4le-133700753.html|access-date=2021-04-12|website=fr.news.yahoo.com|language=fr-FR}}</ref>

== Flag ==
The flag of the Republic of Logone consists of three horizontal stripes of yellow (for the gold of the North), black (that the north was abandoned by the government in [[Bangui]]) and green (for the fertility of the land).{{Source needed|date=October 2023}} In the centre of the black strip is a black star that stands for the struggle of the people in the north for their [[self-determination]].<ref name="TAR">{{cite web |last=Ori |first=Konye |date=18 December 2015 |title=The Republic of Logone: Self-determination and CAR's territorial integrity - Soapbox |url=http://www.theafricareport.com/Soapbox/the-republic-of-logone-self-determination-and-cars-territorial-integrity.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180825205214/https://www.theafricareport.com/Soapbox/the-republic-of-logone-self-determination-and-cars-territorial-integrity.html |archive-date=25 August 2018 |accessdate=22 April 2017 |website=The Africa Report |publisher=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.rfi.fr/fr/afrique/20151216-rca-tentative-partition-ex-seleka-fprc-avortee-nord-est-nourredine-adam|title=RCA: tentative de sécession par l'ex-Seleka avortée dans le Nord-Est|date=2015-12-16|website=RFI|language=fr|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref>

== See also ==
* [[Islam in the Central African Republic]]


== References ==
== References ==
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[[Category:Central African Republic Civil War]]
[[Category:Central African Republic Civil War]]
[[Category:Former unrecognized countries|Logone]]
[[Category:Former unrecognized countries|Logone]]
[[Category:Proposed countries]]


{{CentralAfricanRepublic-stub}}
{{CentralAfricanRepublic-stub}}

Latest revision as of 18:51, 6 October 2024

Republic of Logone
  • République de Logone (French)
Flag of Logone
Territories claimed by Logone
Territories claimed by Logone
StatusUnrecognized proto-state
CapitalKaga-Bandoro[1][2]
Largest cityBria
Common languagesFrench · Arabic · Sango
GovernmentRepublic
History 
• Independence declaration from the Central African Republic
14 December 2015
Area
• Total
217,101 km2 (83,823 sq mi)
Population
• 2003 census
297,861
Time zoneUTC+1 (WAT)

The Republic of Logone (French: République de Logone),[3] also known as Dar al-Kuti (French: Dar el-Kouti),[4] is a partially realized, self-declared autonomous region and proto-state internationally recognised as part of the Central African Republic. It was formed by the Muslim rebel movement Popular Front for the Rebirth of Central African Republic (FPRC) with support of other armed groups on 14 December 2015.[5][6]

Background

[edit]
Main article: Islam in the Central African Republic

Islam is a minority religion in the Central African Republic, practiced by approximately 15% of the population in 2012, with 85% of the population of practicing Christianity.[3]

In March 2013, during the Central African Republic Civil War which began a year earlier, the Muslim Séléka rebels forced the Christian president of the Central African Republic François Bozizé from his office, resulting in violence from the Christian anti-balaka militias. The UN sent in MINUSCA troops and scheduled a constitutional referendum for 13 December 2015 and national elections on 27 December in order to stabilize the country.[7] However, Noureddine Adam, the leader of the Popular Front for the Rebirth of Central African Republic (FPRC), one of the four Muslim Séléka militias, abstained from the scheduled elections. In his view, Muslims and Christians could no longer live together in one country.[2][8]

History

[edit]
  Territories under control of FPRC in 2017, before government forces made major advances

On 14 December 2015, Adam's spokesman, Maouloud Moussa, declared the autonomous Republic of Logone in the northeast of the country. He explained that they wanted first to achieve autonomy within the Central African Republic and eventually absolute independence.[9] Later, it was announced that the name of the new republic would be "Dar al-Kuti" after the historic Dar al-Kuti sultanate.[citation needed]

Louisa Lombard, a professor of anthropology at the Yale University, explained that it is possible that declaration of a new republic was a negotiating tactic for upcoming elections or a method for increasing influence, and that the rebels did not really believe that it is feasible to create a new state.[10]

Besides FPRC the independence of Republic of Logone has been supported by MPC, RPRC and MLCJ armed groups.[4]

On 10 April 2021, Kaga-Bandoro was recaptured by government forces.[11]

Flag

[edit]

The flag of the Republic of Logone consists of three horizontal stripes of yellow (for the gold of the North), black (that the north was abandoned by the government in Bangui) and green (for the fertility of the land).[citation needed] In the centre of the black strip is a black star that stands for the struggle of the people in the north for their self-determination.[12][13]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Central African Republic: January 2016 Monthly Forecast: Security Council Report". Retrieved 22 April 2017.
  2. ^ a b "Muslim rebels declare autonomous state in Central African Republic". The Washington Post. Retrieved 22 April 2017.
  3. ^ a b Fouchard, Anthony; André, James (13 July 2016). "Centrafrique: à la rencontre des ex-rebelles putschistes". France 24 (in French).
  4. ^ a b Splintered warfare: Alliances, affiliations, and agendas of armed factions and politicomilitary groups in the Central African Republic, August 2017
  5. ^ Dembassa-Kette, Crispin. "Rebel declares autonomous state in Central African Republic". af.reuters.com. Archived from the original on 23 April 2017.
  6. ^ Pike, John. "Seleka". Retrieved 22 April 2017.
  7. ^ "Voting extended for Central African referendum after violence". Reuters. 14 December 2015. Archived from the original on 22 December 2015. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
  8. ^ "Rebels in Central African Republic Seek Muslim-Christian States". 16 December 2015. Retrieved 22 April 2017.
  9. ^ "Rebel declares new state in Central African Republic". Retrieved 22 April 2017.
  10. ^ "Central African Republic: CAR Rebel Leader Declares Autonomous State". 16 December 2015. Retrieved 22 April 2017 – via AllAfrica.
  11. ^ "Centrafrique: l'armée et ses alliés reprennent la ville stratégique de Kaga-Bandoro". fr.news.yahoo.com (in French). Retrieved 12 April 2021.
  12. ^ Ori, Konye (18 December 2015). "The Republic of Logone: Self-determination and CAR's territorial integrity - Soapbox". The Africa Report. Archived from the original on 25 August 2018. Retrieved 22 April 2017.
  13. ^ "RCA: tentative de sécession par l'ex-Seleka avortée dans le Nord-Est". RFI (in French). 16 December 2015. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
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