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{{Short description|Swedish mathematician (1870–1924)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2023}}
{{Infobox scientist
{{Infobox scientist
| name = Helge von Koch
| name = Niels Fabian Helge von Koch
| image = Helge von Koch.jpg|300px
| image = Helge von Koch.jpg
| caption = Niels Fabian Helge von Koch
| caption = Niels Fabian Helge von Koch
| birth_date = {{birth date|1870|01|15|mf=y}}
| birth_date = {{birth date|1870|01|25|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Stockholm]], [[Sweden]]
| birth_place = [[Stockholm]], [[Sweden]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|1924|3|11|1870|01|15|mf=y}}
| death_date = {{death date and age|1924|3|11|1870|01|15|df=y}}
| death_place = [[Danderyd|Stockholm]], [[Sweden ]]
| death_place = [[Danderyd Municipality]], [[Sweden]]
| residence = [[Sweden]]
| nationality = [[Swedish people|Swedish]]
| nationality = [[Sweden|Swedish]]
| field = [[Mathematician]]
| field = [[Mathematician]]
| work_institution = [[Royal Institute of Technology]], [[Stockholm University College]]
| work_institution = [[Royal Institute of Technology]], [[Stockholm University College]]
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| known_for = [[Koch snowflake]]
| known_for = [[Koch snowflake]]
| prizes =
| prizes =
| religion =
| footnotes =
| footnotes =
}}
}}


'''Niels Fabian Helge von Koch''' ([[Stockholm]], January 25, 1870 – ''ibidem'', March 11, 1924) was a [[Sweden|Swedish]] [[mathematician]] who gave his name to the famous [[fractal]] known as the [[Koch snowflake]], one of the earliest fractal curves to be described.
'''Niels Fabian Helge von Koch''' (25 January 1870 – 11 March 1924) was a [[Sweden|Swedish]] [[mathematician]] who gave his name to the famous [[fractal]] known as the [[Koch snowflake]], one of the earliest fractal curves to be described.


He was born into a family of [[Swedish nobility]]. His grandfather, [[Nils Samuel von Koch]] (1801–1881), was the [[Attorney-General]] of [[Sweden]]. His father, [[Richert Vogt von Koch]] (1838–1913) was a [[Lieutenant-Colonel]] in the [[Royal Horse Guards (Sweden)| Royal Horse Guards]] of Sweden. He was enrolled at the newly created [[Stockholm University College]] in 1887 (studying under [[Gösta Mittag-Leffler]]), and at [[Uppsala University]] in 1888, where he also received his bachelor's degree (''filsofie kandidat'') since non-governmental college in Stockholm had not yet received the rights to issue degrees. He received his Ph.D. in Uppsala in 1892. He was appointed professor of mathematics at the [[Royal Institute of Technology]] in Stockholm in 1905, succeeding [[Ivar Bendixson]], and became professor of pure mathematics at Stockholm University College in 1911.
He was born to [[Swedish nobility]]. His grandfather, [[Nils Samuel von Koch]] (1801–1881), was the [[Chancellor of Justice (Sweden)|Chancellor of Justice]]. His father, [[Richert Vogt von Koch]] (1838–1913) was a [[Lieutenant-Colonel]] in the [[Life Guards of Horse]] of the [[Swedish Army]]. He was enrolled at the newly created [[Stockholm University College]] in 1887 (studying under [[Gösta Mittag-Leffler]]), and at [[Uppsala University]] in 1888, where he also received his bachelor's degree (''filosofie kandidat'') since the non-governmental college in [[Stockholm]] had not yet received the rights to issue degrees. He received his PhD in Uppsala in 1892. He was appointed professor of mathematics at the [[Royal Institute of Technology]] in Stockholm in 1905, succeeding [[Ivar Bendixson]], and became professor of pure mathematics at Stockholm University College in 1911.


Von Koch wrote several papers on [[number theory]]. One of his results was a 1901 theorem proving that the [[Riemann hypothesis]] is equivalent to a stronger form of the [[prime number theorem]].
Von Koch wrote several papers on [[number theory]]. One of his results was a 1901 theorem proving that the [[Riemann hypothesis]] implies what is now known to be the strongest possible form of the [[prime number theorem]].<ref>{{citation|first=Niels Helge|last=von Koch|authorlink=Helge von Koch|doi=10.1007/BF02403071|title=Sur la distribution des nombres premiers|trans-title=On the distribution of prime numbers|journal=[[Acta Mathematica]]|volume=24|year=1901|pages= 159–182|s2cid=119914826|url=https://zenodo.org/record/2347595|doi-access=free|lang=fr}}</ref>


He described the Koch curve in a 1904 paper entitled "On a continuous curve without tangents constructible from elementary geometry" (''original French title: "Sur une courbe continue sans tangente, obtenue par une construction géométrique élémentaire"'').
He described the [[Koch snowflake|Koch curve]] in a 1904 paper entitled {{lang|fr|Sur une courbe continue sans tangente, obtenue par une construction géométrique élémentaire}} ("On a continuous curve without tangents constructible from elementary geometry").<ref>{{cite journal|url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=inu.30000100114564;view=1up;seq=673|last=von Koch |first=Helge|title=Sur une courbe continue sans tangente, obtenue par une construction géométrique élémentaire|trans-title=On a continuous curve without tangent, obtained by an elementary geometric construction|journal=[[Arkiv för Matematik]]|volume=1|year=1904|pages=681–704 |language=fr |jfm=35.0387.02 }}</ref>

He was an invited speaker at the [[International Congress of Mathematicians]] in 1900 in [[Paris]] with talk {{lang|fr|Sur la distribution des nombres premiers}} ("On the distribution of prime numbers")<ref>{{cite book |url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=miun.aag4063.0000.001;view=1up;seq=203 |chapter=Sur la distribution des nombres premiers |trans-chapter=On the distribution of prime numbers |title=Congrès Int. Math., Paris 1900 |series=ICM proceedings |pages=195–8 |year=1902 |publisher=University of Toronto Press |jfm=32.0205.01}}</ref> and in 1912 in [[Cambridge]], England, with talk ''On regular and irregular solutions of some infinite systems of linear equations''.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=miun.aag4063.0001.001;view=1up;seq=354 |chapter=On regular and irregular solutions of some infinite systems of linear equations |title=Proc. 5. Intern. Math. Congr.|series=ICM proceedings |pages=352–365 |year=1913 |volume=1 |publisher=University of Toronto Press |jfm=44.0402.01}}</ref>

==Notes==
{{reflist}}


==References==
==References==
* ''The Plantagenet Roll of the Blood Royal'' (Mortimer-Percy Volume) by the [[Marquis of Ruvigny and Raineval]] (1911), pages 250–251
*{{cite book |title=[[The Plantagenet Roll of the Blood Royal]]{{^|Links to the author for now, but might grow a separate article in future}} |volume=Mortimer-Percy |author=Marquis of Ruvigny and Raineval |authorlink=Marquis of Ruvigny and Raineval |year=1911 |pages=250–251}}
* ''Classics on Fractals'', Gerald Edgar, ed. (Addison-Wesley, 1993) contains an English translation of the paper "On a continuous curve...".
* {{Cite book |title=Classics on Fractals |editor-first=Gerald |editor-last=Edgar |publisher=Addison-Wesley |year=1993 |isbn=9780201587012}} contains an English translation of the paper 'On a continuous curve...'


==External links==
==External links==
* {{Internet Archive author |sname=Helge von Koch}}
* {{MacTutor Biography|id=Koch}}
* {{MacTutor Biography|id=Koch}}
* {{MathGenealogy|20654}}

{{Fractals}}

{{Authority control}}


{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->
| NAME = Koch, Helge von
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION =
| DATE OF BIRTH = January 15, 1870
| PLACE OF BIRTH = [[Stockholm]], [[Sweden]]
| DATE OF DEATH = March 11, 1924
| PLACE OF DEATH = [[Danderyd|Stockholm]], [[Sweden ]]
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Koch, Helge von}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Koch, Helge von}}
[[Category:1870 births]]
[[Category:1870 births]]
[[Category:1924 deaths]]
[[Category:1924 deaths]]
[[Category:Swedish mathematicians]]
[[Category:19th-century Swedish mathematicians]]
[[Category:Stockholm University alumni]]
[[Category:Stockholm University alumni]]
[[Category:Uppsala University alumni]]
[[Category:Uppsala University alumni]]
[[Category:Royal Institute of Technology academics]]
[[Category:Academic staff of the KTH Royal Institute of Technology]]
[[Category:Stockholm University academics]]
[[Category:Academic staff of Stockholm University]]
[[Category:Swedish nobility]]
[[Category:Swedish nobility]]
[[Category:19th-century mathematicians]]
[[Category:20th-century Swedish mathematicians]]
[[Category:20th-century mathematicians]]
[[Category:Number theorists]]
[[Category:Number theorists]]
[[Category:People from Stockholm]]
[[Category:Scientists from Stockholm]]
[[Category:Algebraists]]

[[ca:Helge von Koch]]
[[cs:Helge von Koch]]
[[de:Helge von Koch]]
[[es:Helge von Koch]]
[[fr:Helge von Koch]]
[[ko:헬게 폰 코흐]]
[[it:Helge von Koch]]
[[he:הלגה פון קוך]]
[[nl:Helge von Koch]]
[[ja:ヘルゲ・フォン・コッホ]]
[[pl:Helge von Koch]]
[[pt:Helge von Koch]]
[[ru:Кох, Нильс Фабиан Хельге фон]]
[[sk:Helge von Koch]]
[[sr:Хелг Кох]]
[[fi:Helge von Koch]]
[[sv:Helge von Koch]]
[[uk:Гельґе фон Кох]]
[[vi:Helge von Koch]]

Latest revision as of 19:50, 6 October 2024

Niels Fabian Helge von Koch
Niels Fabian Helge von Koch
Born(1870-01-25)25 January 1870
Stockholm, Sweden
Died11 March 1924(1924-03-11) (aged 54)
Danderyd Municipality, Sweden
NationalitySwedish
Alma materStockholm University College, Uppsala University
Known forKoch snowflake
Scientific career
FieldsMathematician
InstitutionsRoyal Institute of Technology, Stockholm University College

Niels Fabian Helge von Koch (25 January 1870 – 11 March 1924) was a Swedish mathematician who gave his name to the famous fractal known as the Koch snowflake, one of the earliest fractal curves to be described.

He was born to Swedish nobility. His grandfather, Nils Samuel von Koch (1801–1881), was the Chancellor of Justice. His father, Richert Vogt von Koch (1838–1913) was a Lieutenant-Colonel in the Life Guards of Horse of the Swedish Army. He was enrolled at the newly created Stockholm University College in 1887 (studying under Gösta Mittag-Leffler), and at Uppsala University in 1888, where he also received his bachelor's degree (filosofie kandidat) since the non-governmental college in Stockholm had not yet received the rights to issue degrees. He received his PhD in Uppsala in 1892. He was appointed professor of mathematics at the Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm in 1905, succeeding Ivar Bendixson, and became professor of pure mathematics at Stockholm University College in 1911.

Von Koch wrote several papers on number theory. One of his results was a 1901 theorem proving that the Riemann hypothesis implies what is now known to be the strongest possible form of the prime number theorem.[1]

He described the Koch curve in a 1904 paper entitled Sur une courbe continue sans tangente, obtenue par une construction géométrique élémentaire ("On a continuous curve without tangents constructible from elementary geometry").[2]

He was an invited speaker at the International Congress of Mathematicians in 1900 in Paris with talk Sur la distribution des nombres premiers ("On the distribution of prime numbers")[3] and in 1912 in Cambridge, England, with talk On regular and irregular solutions of some infinite systems of linear equations.[4]

Notes

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  1. ^ von Koch, Niels Helge (1901), "Sur la distribution des nombres premiers" [On the distribution of prime numbers], Acta Mathematica (in French), 24: 159–182, doi:10.1007/BF02403071, S2CID 119914826
  2. ^ von Koch, Helge (1904). "Sur une courbe continue sans tangente, obtenue par une construction géométrique élémentaire" [On a continuous curve without tangent, obtained by an elementary geometric construction]. Arkiv för Matematik (in French). 1: 681–704. JFM 35.0387.02.
  3. ^ "Sur la distribution des nombres premiers" [On the distribution of prime numbers]. Congrès Int. Math., Paris 1900. ICM proceedings. University of Toronto Press. 1902. pp. 195–8. JFM 32.0205.01.
  4. ^ "On regular and irregular solutions of some infinite systems of linear equations". Proc. 5. Intern. Math. Congr. ICM proceedings. Vol. 1. University of Toronto Press. 1913. pp. 352–365. JFM 44.0402.01.

References

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