Battle of Jezzine (1941): Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Battle of World War II}} |
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{{unreferenced|date=February 2009}} |
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{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}} |
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{{Infobox military conflict |
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| conflict = Battle of Jezzine (1941) |
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| partof = the [[Syria-Lebanon Campaign]] of [[World War II]] |
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| image = |
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| caption = |
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| date = 13–14 June 1941 |
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| place = [[Jezzine]], [[Greater Lebanon|French Lebanon]] |
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| casus = |
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| territory = |
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| result = Australian victory |
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| combatant1 = {{flag|Australia}} |
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| combatant2 = {{flag|Vichy France}} |
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*{{flagicon image|Lebanese French flag.svg}} [[Greater Lebanon|French Lebanon]] |
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| commander1 = |
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| commander2 = |
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| strength1 = |
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| strength2 = |
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| casualties1 = |
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| casualties2 = |
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| units1 = [[2/31st Battalion (Australia)|2/31st Battalion]] |
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}} |
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{{Campaignbox Syria-Lebanon}} |
{{Campaignbox Syria-Lebanon}} |
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| ⚫ | The '''Battle of Jezzine''' (13 June 1941) was part of the [[Australian 7th Division]]'s advance on [[Beirut]] during the five-week-long [[Syria-Lebanon campaign]] by the Allies against [[Vichy French]] forces in [[Syria]] and [[Lebanon]]. [[Jezzine]], Lebanon, is about halfway between the Lebanese border with [[Palestine]] and [[Beirut]]. |
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| ⚫ | The '''Battle of Jezzine''' (13 June 1941) was part of the [[Australian 7th Division]]'s advance on [[Beirut]] during the five-week-long [[Syria-Lebanon campaign]] by the Allies against [[Vichy French]] forces in [[Syria]] and [[Lebanon]]. [[Jezzine]], Lebanon, is about halfway between the Lebanese border with [[Mandatory Palestine]] and [[Beirut]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.army.gov.au/ahu/docs/BattleHonours_WWII_Syria.pdf |title=Battle Honours of the Australian Army: World War II – Syria |access-date=30 August 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110603162103/http://www.army.gov.au///AHU/docs/BattleHonours_WWII_Syria.pdf |publisher=Army History Unit |archive-date=3 June 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.awm.gov.au/units/event_320.asp|title=Jezzine|publisher=Australian War Memorial |access-date=3 December 2014}}</ref> |
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This battle was one of several hard fought actions during the Australian advance on Beirut.<ref>http://researchonline.nd.edu.au/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1012&context=arts_article</ref> |
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This battle was one of several hard-fought actions during the Australian advance on Beirut from Mandatory Palestine.<ref>{{cite journal |url=http://researchonline.nd.edu.au/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1012&context=arts_article |year=2008 |title=Man of might: Brigadier Berryman and the battles of Merdjayoun and Jezzine, Syria, 1941 |series=Research Online: Arts Papers and Journal Articles |author=Dean, Peter J. |publisher=University of Notre Dame Australia |access-date=1 February 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/U56074|title=2/31st Battalion|publisher=Australian War Memorial |access-date=26 January 2019}}</ref> Australian troops from the [[25th Brigade (Australia)|25th Brigade]] (less the [[2/33rd Battalion (Australia)|2/33rd Battalion]]) attacked Jezzine on 13 June 1941, following the [[Battle of Merdjayoun|capture of Merdjayoun]], which the Allies temporarily captured on 11 June 1941, allowing the commander of the Australian 7th Division, Major General [[John Lavarack]] to switch the 25th Brigade's focus north towards Jezzine, leaving a small force to hold Merdjayoun, which was later subjected to a heavy counter-attack.{{sfn|Coulthard-Clark|1998|p=191}} |
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When his company suffered casualties from intense machine gun fire, Private [[James Heather Gordon]], [[2/31st Battalion (Australia)|2/31st Battalion]], took it upon himself to crawl forward and neutralise the enemy post with rifle and bayonet. Gordon, originally from [[Rockingham]], Western Australia, was awarded the [[Victoria Cross]] for his actions near Jezzine. <ref>http://www.ww2australia.gov.au/damascus/</ref> |
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[[File:James Gordon VC.jpg|thumb|Private [[Jim Gordon (VC)|Jim Gordon]] who was awarded the [[Victoria Cross]] for his actions in the battle]] |
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[[Jezzine Barracks]] in [[Townsville]] is named after this battle. |
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During the fighting for Jezzine, when his company suffered casualties from intense machine gun fire, Private [[Jim Gordon (VC)|Jim Gordon]], [[2/31st Battalion (Australia)|2/31st Battalion]], took it upon himself to crawl forward and neutralise the Vichy position with rifle and bayonet. Gordon, originally from [[Rockingham, Western Australia]], was awarded the [[Victoria Cross]] for his actions near Jezzine.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ww2australia.gov.au/damascus/|title=Road to Damascus|work=Australia's War 1939–1945|publisher=Commonwealth of Australia: Department of Veterans' Affairs|access-date=3 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150418023051/http://www.ww2australia.gov.au/damascus/|archive-date=18 April 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Jezzine Barracks]] in [[Townsville|Townsville, Queensland]], is named after this battle.<ref name=Jezzine>{{cite web |title=Jezzine Barracks Museum Proposal |publisher=North Australian Military Heritage Association |date=30 November 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303210315/http://www.jezzinetrust.com.au/lib/pdf/081103%20Neil%20Weekes%2C%20Nth%20Aust.Military%20Heritage%20AssocProposal.pdf |url=http://www.jezzinetrust.com.au/lib/pdf/081103%20Neil%20Weekes,%20Nth%20Aust.Military%20Heritage%20AssocProposal.pdf |access-date=4 May 2009 |archive-date=3 March 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Jezzine was later captured on the evening of 14 June.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Sutton |first=David |title=Syria and Lebanon 1941: The Allied Fight against the Vichy French |publisher=Osprey Publishing |year=2022 |isbn=978-1472843845 |location=United Kingdom |language=English}}</ref> |
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Further west, on the coast, the Australian 21st Brigade attacked [[Battle of Sidon (1941)|Sidon]] between 13 and 15 June, as part of the drive on [[Battle of Damour|Damour]].{{sfn|Dennis et al|1995|p=578}} The day after Sidon fell, the Australians cut the road between Sidon and Jezzine.<ref name=harriott>{{cite news |url=http://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/41934739 |author=Harriott, G.E.W. |title=Australians' Hard Fighting in Battle of Sidon |date=17 June 1941 |newspaper=The Courier Mail (Brisbane, Queensland: 1933–1954) |publisher=National Library of Australia (Trove) |access-date=4 February 2017}}</ref> |
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==See also== |
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*[[Syria-Lebanon campaign]] |
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==References== |
==References== |
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'''Citations''' |
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{{Reflist}} |
{{Reflist}} |
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'''Bibliography''' |
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*{{cite book|last=Coulthard-Clark|first=Chris|title=Where Australians Fought: The Encyclopaedia of Australia's Battles|year=1998|edition=1st|publisher=Allen & Unwin|location=St Leonards, New South Wales|isbn=1-86448-611-2}} |
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*{{cite book |last1=Dennis |first1=Peter |last2=Grey |first2=Jeffrey |authorlink2=Jeffrey Grey |last3=Morris |first3=Ewan |last4=Prior |first4=Robin |year=1995 |title=The Oxford Companion to Australian Military History |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=Melbourne |isbn=0-19-553227-9|ref=CITEREFDennis_et_al1995 }} |
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[[Category:1941 in Lebanon]] |
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[[Category:Military battles of Vichy France|Jezzine]] |
[[Category:Military battles of Vichy France|Jezzine]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Syria–Lebanon campaign|Jezzine]] |
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[[Category:Battles of World War II involving Australia|Jezzine]] |
[[Category:Battles of World War II involving Australia|Jezzine]] |
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[[Category:Australia–France relations]] |
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[[Category:June 1941 events]] |
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{{WWII-battle-stub}} |
{{WWII-battle-stub}} |
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Latest revision as of 12:36, 26 November 2024
| Battle of Jezzine (1941) | |||||||
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| Part of the Syria-Lebanon Campaign of World War II | |||||||
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| Belligerents | |||||||
 Australia | |||||||
| Units involved | |||||||
| 2/31st Battalion | |||||||
The Battle of Jezzine (13 June 1941) was part of the Australian 7th Division's advance on Beirut during the five-week-long Syria-Lebanon campaign by the Allies against Vichy French forces in Syria and Lebanon. Jezzine, Lebanon, is about halfway between the Lebanese border with Mandatory Palestine and Beirut.[1][2]
This battle was one of several hard-fought actions during the Australian advance on Beirut from Mandatory Palestine.[3][4] Australian troops from the 25th Brigade (less the 2/33rd Battalion) attacked Jezzine on 13 June 1941, following the capture of Merdjayoun, which the Allies temporarily captured on 11 June 1941, allowing the commander of the Australian 7th Division, Major General John Lavarack to switch the 25th Brigade's focus north towards Jezzine, leaving a small force to hold Merdjayoun, which was later subjected to a heavy counter-attack.[5]
During the fighting for Jezzine, when his company suffered casualties from intense machine gun fire, Private Jim Gordon, 2/31st Battalion, took it upon himself to crawl forward and neutralise the Vichy position with rifle and bayonet. Gordon, originally from Rockingham, Western Australia, was awarded the Victoria Cross for his actions near Jezzine.[6] Jezzine Barracks in Townsville, Queensland, is named after this battle.[7] Jezzine was later captured on the evening of 14 June.[8]
Further west, on the coast, the Australian 21st Brigade attacked Sidon between 13 and 15 June, as part of the drive on Damour.[9] The day after Sidon fell, the Australians cut the road between Sidon and Jezzine.[10]
References
[edit]Citations
- ^ "Battle Honours of the Australian Army: World War II – Syria" (PDF). Army History Unit. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 June 2011. Retrieved 30 August 2011.
- ^ "Jezzine". Australian War Memorial. Retrieved 3 December 2014.
- ^ Dean, Peter J. (2008). "Man of might: Brigadier Berryman and the battles of Merdjayoun and Jezzine, Syria, 1941". Research Online: Arts Papers and Journal Articles. University of Notre Dame Australia. Retrieved 1 February 2017.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ "2/31st Battalion". Australian War Memorial. Retrieved 26 January 2019.
- ^ Coulthard-Clark 1998, p. 191.
- ^ "Road to Damascus". Australia's War 1939–1945. Commonwealth of Australia: Department of Veterans' Affairs. Archived from the original on 18 April 2015. Retrieved 3 December 2014.
- ^ "Jezzine Barracks Museum Proposal" (PDF). North Australian Military Heritage Association. 30 November 2008. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 4 May 2009.
- ^ Sutton, David (2022). Syria and Lebanon 1941: The Allied Fight against the Vichy French. United Kingdom: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1472843845.
- ^ Dennis et al 1995, p. 578.
- ^ Harriott, G.E.W. (17 June 1941). "Australians' Hard Fighting in Battle of Sidon". The Courier Mail (Brisbane, Queensland: 1933–1954). National Library of Australia (Trove). Retrieved 4 February 2017.
Bibliography
- Coulthard-Clark, Chris (1998). Where Australians Fought: The Encyclopaedia of Australia's Battles (1st ed.). St Leonards, New South Wales: Allen & Unwin. ISBN 1-86448-611-2.
- Dennis, Peter; Grey, Jeffrey; Morris, Ewan; Prior, Robin (1995). The Oxford Companion to Australian Military History. Melbourne: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-553227-9.
33°19′N 35°21′E / 33.32°N 35.35°E
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