Jump to content

Football in Brazil: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous edit
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
Added more information about the italian football club in Brazil
Reverting edit(s) by Ihatescottishfinnishradish (talk) to rev. 1249478493 by 2403:4800:24E8:5D00:8C15:A08E:C16:BCC4: Non-constructive edit (UV 0.1.6)
 
(40 intermediate revisions by 33 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Short description|none}} <!-- "none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]] -->
{{short description|Overview of Football in Brazil}}
{{Use American English|date=October 2013}}
{{Use American English|date=October 2013}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=November 2022}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=November 2022}}
Line 26: Line 26:
[[Association football|Football]] is the most popular sport in [[Brazil]] and a prominent part of the country's national identity. The [[Brazil national football team]] has won the [[FIFA World Cup]] five times, the most of any team, in [[1958 FIFA World Cup|1958]], [[1962 FIFA World Cup|1962]], [[1970 FIFA World Cup|1970]], [[1994 FIFA World Cup|1994]] and [[2002 FIFA World Cup|2002]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.brazilian-football.com/ |title=Brazilian Football |publisher=Brazilian Football |access-date=February 21, 2014}}</ref> Brazil and [[Germany national football team|Germany]] are the only teams to succeed in qualifying for all the World Cups for which they entered the qualifiers; Brazil is the only team to participate in every World Cup competition ever held. Brazil has also won an Olympic [[gold medal]], at the [[2016 Summer Olympics]] held in [[Rio de Janeiro]]<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.latimes.com/sports/olympics/la-sp-oly-rio-2016-brazil-tops-germany-for-soccer-gold-1471736142-htmlstory.html| title = 2016 Summer Olympics: The U.S. dominates Rio Games with 121 medals - Los Angeles Times| website = [[Los Angeles Times]]}}</ref> and at the [[2020 Summer Olympics]] in [[Tokyo]].
[[Association football|Football]] is the most popular sport in [[Brazil]] and a prominent part of the country's national identity. The [[Brazil national football team]] has won the [[FIFA World Cup]] five times, the most of any team, in [[1958 FIFA World Cup|1958]], [[1962 FIFA World Cup|1962]], [[1970 FIFA World Cup|1970]], [[1994 FIFA World Cup|1994]] and [[2002 FIFA World Cup|2002]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.brazilian-football.com/ |title=Brazilian Football |publisher=Brazilian Football |access-date=February 21, 2014}}</ref> Brazil and [[Germany national football team|Germany]] are the only teams to succeed in qualifying for all the World Cups for which they entered the qualifiers; Brazil is the only team to participate in every World Cup competition ever held. Brazil has also won an Olympic [[gold medal]], at the [[2016 Summer Olympics]] held in [[Rio de Janeiro]]<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.latimes.com/sports/olympics/la-sp-oly-rio-2016-brazil-tops-germany-for-soccer-gold-1471736142-htmlstory.html| title = 2016 Summer Olympics: The U.S. dominates Rio Games with 121 medals - Los Angeles Times| website = [[Los Angeles Times]]}}</ref> and at the [[2020 Summer Olympics]] in [[Tokyo]].


[[Pelé]] won three World Cups (he was injured during most of the 1962 World Cup). Some of the most prominent players in football come from Brazil, including [[Garrincha]], [[Cafu]], [[Roberto Carlos]], [[Romário]], [[Rivaldo]], [[Ronaldo (Brazilian footballer)|Ronaldo Nazário]], [[Ronaldinho]], [[Kaká]], [[Neymar]], [[Falcão (futsal player)]] in men's game and [[Marta Vieira da Silva|Marta]] in the women's game.
[[Pelé]] won three World Cups (he was injured during most of the 1962 World Cup). Some of the most prominent players in football come from Brazil, including [[Garrincha]], [[Ronaldo (Brazilian footballer)|Ronaldo]], [[Roberto Carlos]], [[Romário]], [[Ronaldinho]], [[Nilton Santos]], [[Djalma Santos]], [[Cláudio Taffarel|Taffarel]], [[Paulo Roberto Falcão|Falcão]], [[Rivaldo]], [[Zico (footballer)|Zico]], [[Kaká]] and [[Neymar]] in men's game and [[Marta Vieira da Silva|Marta]] in the women's game.


The governing body of '''football in Brazil''' is the [[Brazilian Football Confederation]].
The governing body of '''football in Brazil''' is the [[Brazilian Football Confederation]].
Line 36: Line 36:
In the 1870s, like many other British workers, a Scottish expatriate named John Miller worked on the railroad construction project in [[São Paulo]] with other European immigrants.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S4p2zOEMxh8C&pg=PT22 |title=Toward the Goal: The Kaka Story - Jeremy V. Jones - Google Books |date=April 27, 2010 |isbn=9780310590033 |access-date=February 21, 2014|last1=Jones |first1=Jeremy V. }}</ref><ref>{{citation | last=Bellos | first=Alex | year=2003 | title=Futebol: The Brazilian Way of Life | publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing | isbn=978-0-7475-6179-8 | page=[https://archive.org/details/futebolbrazilian0000bell/page/27 27] | url=https://archive.org/details/futebolbrazilian0000bell/page/27 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/22379/1/wp59.pdf |title=The 'Labour Question' in Nineteenth Century Brazil: railways, export agriculture and labour scarcity|page=35|access-date=February 21, 2014}}</ref> In 1884, Miller sent his ten-year-old son [[Charles William Miller]] to Bannister School in [[Southampton]], England, to be educated. Charles was a skilled athlete who quickly picked up the game of football at the time when [[the Football League]] was still being formed, and as an accomplished winger and striker Charles held school honors that gained him entry into the [[Southampton F.C.]] team, and later into the county team of [[Hampshire]].
In the 1870s, like many other British workers, a Scottish expatriate named John Miller worked on the railroad construction project in [[São Paulo]] with other European immigrants.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S4p2zOEMxh8C&pg=PT22 |title=Toward the Goal: The Kaka Story - Jeremy V. Jones - Google Books |date=April 27, 2010 |isbn=9780310590033 |access-date=February 21, 2014|last1=Jones |first1=Jeremy V. }}</ref><ref>{{citation | last=Bellos | first=Alex | year=2003 | title=Futebol: The Brazilian Way of Life | publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing | isbn=978-0-7475-6179-8 | page=[https://archive.org/details/futebolbrazilian0000bell/page/27 27] | url=https://archive.org/details/futebolbrazilian0000bell/page/27 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/22379/1/wp59.pdf |title=The 'Labour Question' in Nineteenth Century Brazil: railways, export agriculture and labour scarcity|page=35|access-date=February 21, 2014}}</ref> In 1884, Miller sent his ten-year-old son [[Charles William Miller]] to Bannister School in [[Southampton]], England, to be educated. Charles was a skilled athlete who quickly picked up the game of football at the time when [[the Football League]] was still being formed, and as an accomplished winger and striker Charles held school honors that gained him entry into the [[Southampton F.C.]] team, and later into the county team of [[Hampshire]].


In 1888, the first sports club was founded in the city, [[São Paulo Athletic Club]]. In 1892, while still in England, Charles was invited to play a game for [[Corinthian F.C.]], a team formed of players invited from public schools and universities. On his return to Brazil, Charles brought some football equipment and a rule book with him. He then taught the rules of the game to players in São Paulo. On December 14, 1901, the "Liga Paulista de Foot-Ball" was founded, organising its own championship, "[[Campeonato Paulista]]", first held in [[1902 Campeonato Paulista|1902]]. Therefore, Campeonato Paulista became the oldest official competition in Brazilian football.<ref>[https://www.iffhs.de/index.php/posts/605 IFFHS HISTORY AND STATISTICS - CAMPEONATO PAULISTA DE FUTBOL (1902 - 1924) part 1] on the IFFHS, May 18, 2020</ref> Another important club, called Società Sportiva Palestra Itália club, that was founded in 1914 played a big role in helping Italian immigrants get accustomed to Brazilian society.<ref name=":11">{{Cite book |last=Bocketti |first=Gregg P |title=Italian Immigrants, Brazilian Football, and the Dilemma of National Identity |publisher=Journal of Latin American studies |year=2008 |edition=2 |pages=285}}</ref> The club's goal was to promote "talian identity and allegiance, helping the immigrant community to cultivate a sense of discrete ethnicity"<ref name=":11" />.
In 1888, the first sports club was founded in the city, [[São Paulo Athletic Club]]. In 1892, while still in England, Charles was invited to play a game for [[Corinthian F.C.]], a team formed of players invited from public schools and universities. On his return to Brazil, Charles brought some football equipment and a rule book with him. He then taught the rules of the game to players in São Paulo. On December 14, 1901, the "Liga Paulista de Foot-Ball" was founded, organising its own championship, "[[Campeonato Paulista]]", first held in [[1902 Campeonato Paulista|1902]]. Therefore, Campeonato Paulista became the oldest official competition in Brazilian football.<ref>[https://www.iffhs.de/index.php/posts/605 IFFHS HISTORY AND STATISTICS - CAMPEONATO PAULISTA DE FUTBOL (1902 - 1924) part 1] on the IFFHS, May 18, 2020</ref> Another important club, called Società Sportiva Palestra Itália club, that was founded in 1914 played a big role in helping Italian immigrants get accustomed to Brazilian society.<ref name=":11">{{Cite book |last=Bocketti |first=Gregg P |title=Italian Immigrants, Brazilian Football, and the Dilemma of National Identity |publisher=Journal of Latin American studies |year=2008 |edition=2 |pages=285}}</ref> The club's goal was to promote "Italian identity and allegiance, helping the immigrant community to cultivate a sense of discrete ethnicity".<ref name=":11" />


São Paulo Athletic Club won the first three years' Paulista championships. Miller's skills were far above his colleagues at this stage. He was given the honor of contributing his name to a move involving a deft flick of the ball with the heel "Chaleira" (the "tea-pot"). The first match played by one of Miller's teams was six months after Donohoe's.<ref name = "donohue"/>
São Paulo Athletic Club won the first three years' Paulista championships. Miller's skills were far above his colleagues at this stage. He was given the honor of contributing his name to a move involving a deft flick of the ball with the heel "Chaleira" (the "tea-pot"). The first match played by one of Miller's teams was six months after Donohoe's.<ref name = "donohue"/>
Line 46: Line 46:
The [[Brazilian Football Confederation]] (CBF) was founded in 1914, but the current format for the [[Campeonato Brasileiro Série A|Campeonato Brasileiro]] was only established in 1959.
The [[Brazilian Football Confederation]] (CBF) was founded in 1914, but the current format for the [[Campeonato Brasileiro Série A|Campeonato Brasileiro]] was only established in 1959.


==Football style==
From August 1941 through April 11, 1983, women's football was prohibited in Brazil. The law, created by the Conselho Nacional de Desportos, determined that "violent" sports such as football, rugby, and boxing were incompatible with women's capabilities. The codified law was known as Decree Law 3199<ref>{{Cite book |last=de Arimatéia da Cruz |first=José |title=Fútbol! Why Soccer Matters in Latin America |publisher=Journal of Global South Studies |edition=1 |pages=219}}</ref>. Despite the ban, women's teams continued to play informally for the next four decades, gaining increasing popular support through the 1970s and early 1980s. The movement to legalize women's football, which coincided with the feminist movement in Brazil at the time, contributed to the termination of the ban by the CND, which also cited rules set by the [[Union of European Football Associations]] in its decision<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Elsey|first1=Brenda|title=Futbolera: A History of Women and Sports in Latin America|last2=Nadel|first2=Joshua|publisher=University of Texas Press|year=2019|isbn=978-1-4773-1042-7|location=Austin, Texas|pages=99, 100, 134}}</ref>. Today, women still face equality when playing soccer. In a 2015 United Nations Human Development Index, Brazil’s Gender Inequality Index (GII) was given at 0.414<ref name=":10">{{Cite book |last=Pereira |first=Garmany |title=Understanding Contemporary Brazil |publisher=Boca Raton |edition=1 |pages=209}}</ref>. This means that women in Brazil faced inequality that was more than twice that of the USA and between 4-10 times that in numerous European countries.<ref name=":10" />
[[File:Garrincha 1962.jpg|thumb|upright|left|[[Garrincha]] (left), Brazilian winger and [[1962 FIFA World Cup|1962 World Cup]] star, is regarded as one of the greatest dribblers of all time.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ifhof.com/hof/garrincha.asp|title=Hall of Fame: Garrincha|publisher=ifhof.com|access-date=7 July 2015}}</ref>]]


Brazil plays a very unfundamental and distinctive style. For example, [[dribbling]] is an essential part of their style.<ref>{{cite web|last=Langbein |first=Francis |url=http://www.socceramerica.com/article/50554/the-secret-behind-the-mystique-of-beautiful-brazil.html |title=The secret behind the mystique of beautiful Brazilian soccer 02/28/2013 |publisher=SoccerAmerica |date=February 28, 2013 |access-date=February 21, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Homewood |first=Brian |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/international/menezes-sets-brazil-quest-for-old-style-7466751.html |title=Menezes sets Brazil quest for old style - World Cup 2014 - Football |newspaper=The Independent |date=March 1, 2012 |access-date=February 21, 2014}}</ref><ref name="Sky Sports">{{cite web|url=http://www1.skysports.com/FIFA-World-Cup-2014/news/12027/2381847/carlos-backs-brazilian-style |title=Carlos backs Brazilian style &#124; Football News |publisher=Sky Sports |access-date=February 21, 2014}}</ref><ref name="The famous Brazilian football">{{cite web|url=http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/hellochina/brazilianambassador2009/2009-08/24/content_8608530.htm |title=The famous Brazilian football |publisher=Chinadaily.com.cn |access-date=February 21, 2014}}</ref>
On September 29, 2007, it was announced that the CBF would launch a [[Women's Association Football]] league and cup competition in October 2007 following pressure from [[FIFA]] president [[Sepp Blatter]] during the [[2007 FIFA Women's World Cup]] in China.<ref name="peoples">{{cite web|url=http://english.people.com.cn/90001/90779/6274126.html |title=Brazil to set up women's soccer league |access-date=September 30, 2007 |publisher=[[People's Daily]] |work=Sports |date=September 29, 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071105083637/http://english.people.com.cn/90001/90779/6274126.html |archive-date=November 5, 2007 }}</ref><ref name="peoples2">{{cite web|url=http://english.people.com.cn/90001/90779/6274148.html |title=Brazil will create women soccer cup |access-date=September 30, 2007 |publisher=[[People's Daily]] |work=Sports |date=September 29, 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071105083642/http://english.people.com.cn/90001/90779/6274148.html |archive-date=November 5, 2007 }}</ref>


After the third title in the [[1970 FIFA World Cup]], Brazilian football experienced a drought of World Cup titles, which would only end in 1994. In the meantime, despite playing flashy football that enchanted the world (like the [[1982 FIFA World Cup squads|1982 FIFA World Cup squad]]), the Seleção started to prioritize results-based football. Thus, since the mid-1990s, Brazilian football began to lose its characteristics. For [[Tostão]], Brazilian football has become outdated: "The most classic example of this is that in the last 20 years Brazil has not had a single great midfield player. And this happened because there was a division in the midfield between the midfielders, who play scoring further back, and two midfielders, who play up front, close to the opponent's area. The game lost exchange of passes in that environment. The Spanish and Germans do this very well. That was the best Brazil had in my time and disappeared. We had [[Gérson]], [[Rivellino]], [[Clodoaldo]], then [[Falcão]], [[Toninho Cerezo]]. This is what Iniesta, Rakitic, Modric and Kroos did, for example, and what Xavi and Schweinsteiger did. This characteristic that the Europeans encouraged most, the Brazilians devalued. We created many area dribblers. This is just one example of how Brazilian football has gone down the wrong path."<ref>[https://g1.globo.com/jornal-da-globo/noticia/2010/05/selecao-brasileira-encanta-o-mundo-em-1982-mesmo-sem-ganhar.html Seleção brasileira encanta o mundo em 1982, mesmo sem ganhar]</ref><ref>[https://www.gazetadopovo.com.br/esportes/copa/2010/selecao-brasileira/a-cara-de-dunga-1fsvgd0djsqb1a9nx21a58766/ A cara de Dunga]</ref><ref>[https://brasil.elpais.com/brasil/2016/10/06/deportes/1475705738_063971.html Tostão: “Esse oba-oba em torno do Tite é perigoso”]</ref>
In 2013, a year before the [[2014 FIFA World Cup|2014 World Cup]], hosted at home, Brazil's [[FIFA World Rankings|FIFA World Rank]] dropped to 22nd, an all-time-low position.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dailypioneer.com/sports/brazil-plummets-to-no-22-in-fifa-rankings.html |title=Brazil plummets to No. 22 in FIFA rankings |access-date=June 14, 2013}}</ref> During that tournament, Brazil made it to the semi-finals but were [[Brazil v Germany (2014 FIFA World Cup)|eliminated by Germany]] in a heavy 7–1 loss.


The great exodus of players in recent years to European competitions has generated a great debate in the country, especially about the consequences this would have on the style of Brazilian football, as it could "Europeanize" the way players act.<ref>[https://oglobo.globo.com/esportes/estamos-praticando-aqui-no-brasil-um-futebol-europeizado-12676333 Estamos praticando, aqui no Brasil, um futebol europeizado?]</ref>
In 2014, Brazil was one of the eight nations to take part in the first [[Unity World Cup]]. The team played the opening game with notable players such as Beto, [[Fabio Luciano]] and [[Carlos Luciano da Silva]].


==Brazilian team==
During the pandemic [[Covid-19 protocols football|COVID-19]], Brazil was one of the first countries to return to football activities in Latin America. Important to analyze a research published about the topic exploring the Serie A. The COVID-19 pandemic directly reached and impacted upon elite sports and caused the postponement of sporting events globally. In order to enable the return of activities, protocols were created with recommendations to prevent the transmission of COVID-19. The research analyzes and compares the safe return protocols of major football leagues and associations to those of the Brazilian Championship, as well as to survey the numbers of COVID-19 outbreaks in clubs that competed in the 2020 Brazilian Championship Series A.<ref>Mataruna-Dos-Santos LJ, Albuquerque PdGRd, Vasconcellos GdA, Nascimento RMd, Cavalari NT, Range D, Guimarães-Mataruna AF, Ortiz-Silva B. An Analysis Safe Protocols Employed in Professional Male Soccer and the Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the 2020 Brazilian Championship. Sustainability. 2021; 13(24):13585. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132413585</ref>
[[File:Brazil 1970.JPG|thumb|The [[1970 FIFA World Cup]]-winning Brazil team, considered by many distinguished commentators as the greatest football team ever]]


The [[Brazil national football team]] is one of the main national football teams in the world. The biggest winner of the [[FIFA World Cup]], with five titles, Brazil is known for its yellow and green shirt, with blue shorts and white socks, the four colors of the national flag. Because the shirt is predominantly yellow, the Brazilian team is also treated as the [[Saffron finch|Canarinho]] team.<ref>[https://www.terra.com.br/esportes/brasil/ha-21-anos-o-brasil-conquistava-o-penta-mundial,a0b93e27e2a4ca2c9e64938b6b5007b87fmzsiq4.html Há 21 anos o Brasil conquistava o penta mundial]</ref><ref>[https://www.cnnbrasil.com.br/esportes/saiba-por-que-a-selecao-brasileira-e-chamada-de-canarinha/ Saiba por que a Seleção Brasileira é chamada de Canarinha ]</ref>
==Football culture==
[[File:Brazil and Colombia match at the FIFA World Cup 2014-07-04 (33).jpg|250px|thumb|[[2014 FIFA World Cup]]]]
[[File:Spectators watching Brazil national football team train at Dobsonville Stadium 2010-06-03 10.jpg|thumb|Spectators watching Brazil national football team]]
Football is a significant part of the Brazilian identity. It is considered the country's most significant socio-cultural activity.<ref name=":8">{{Cite book |last=Murad |first=Mauricio |title=Soccer and Society in Brazil |publisher=Konrad Adenauer Stiftung |year=2014}}</ref> In this way, football is not only a sport, but also an essential part of Brazil's cultural identity. It is the most popular sport in Brazil, and Brazilians passion for the sport makes them often refer to their country as "o País do Futebol" ("the country of football").


Founded on July 21, 1914, the 12th anniversary of [[Fluminense Football Club]], the Seleção played its first game at the Laranjeiras Stadium, against the English team Exeter City. The Brazilian team is widely considered the most relevant team in world football.<ref>[https://ge.globo.com/futebol/selecao-brasileira/noticia/2014/04/100-anos-da-selecao-1-rival-do-brasil-exeter-se-orgulha-de-lugar-na-historia.html 100 anos da Seleção: 1º rival do Brasil, Exeter se orgulha de lugar na história]</ref>
Nevertheless, this was not always the case. Initially, when the English introduced football in Brazil, it was an elitist and racist sport.<ref name=":8" /> Most of Brazilian population was excluded from it, as it was a white, aristocratic sport, and most of the Brazilian population was mixed-race, illiterate, and low-income. As a result, the first established football clubs in Brazil had racial and income restrictions.<ref name=":8" />


The Brazilian national team also won the [[Copa América]] on eight occasions, the [[Confederations Cup]] on four, and in 2016 and 2020 won the gold medal, awarded to football champions at the [[Football at the Summer Olympics|Olympic Games]], in the edition of the games held in Rio de Janeiro , having won three silver medals for runners-up and two bronze medals for third places.<ref>[https://www.terra.com.br/esportes/futebol/copa-2022/brasil-e-argentina-no-topo-veja-as-selecoes-com-mais-titulos-na-historia,1febb8c33eb3845c58a8d6d588c5646buvq0zlvx.html Brasil e Argentina no topo: veja as seleções com mais títulos na história]</ref>
This social and racial exclusion was a reflect of the biases of Brazilian society at the time. The sport started gaining popularity in the country a few years after the abolishment of slavery. In this period, discrimination and hierarchical structural marked the Brazil's social structure, and prevented the integration of minorities into football.<ref name=":8" />  


The Brazilian team's biggest rivals are [[Argentina national football team|Argentina]] and [[Uruguay national football team|Uruguay]] on the American continent. In addition to these, the Europeans, [[England national football team|England]], [[Italy national football team|Italy]] and the [[Netherlands national football team|Netherlands]], are traditional opponents, due to the clashes held, mainly in World Cups.<ref>[https://www.cnnbrasil.com.br/esportes/saiba-como-surgiu-a-rivalidade-entre-brasil-e-argentina-no-futebol/ Saiba como surgiu a rivalidade entre Brasil e Argentina no futebol]</ref><ref>[https://www.gazetaesportiva.com/times/brasil/tabus-e-duelos-historicos-marcam-rivalidade-entre-brasil-e-uruguai/ Tabus e duelos históricos marcam rivalidade entre Brasil e Uruguai]</ref><ref>[https://lendasdofutebol.com/brasil-x-holanda-tudo-sobre-uma-das-maiores-rivalidades-em-mundiais/ Brasil x Holanda: Tudo sobre uma das maiores rivalidades em Mundiais!]</ref><ref>[https://www.terra.com.br/esportes/brasil-e-italia-rivalidade-historica-no-futebol,b3a839ba21bba310VgnCLD200000bbcceb0aRCRD.html Brasil e Itália: rivalidade histórica no futebol]</ref>
Nevertheless, even with the social and political barriers against racial and class inclusion in football, marginalized individuals started to enter the sport. These people fought the rigid discriminatory structures that were held in place and helped expand the sport beyond the aristocrat sectors of society. That led to the increased popularization and democratization of football in the country.


== Entities ==
The integration of the sport in different segments of society marked the beginning of the Brazilian football identity. The sport became part of Brazilians daily life, and with time, it also became part of the popular culture. As the sport dominated the country, football clubs were increasingly pressured to include in their teams black and underprivileged players. That integration resulted in the transformation of the sport in the country, by changing the way players play and the way people interacted with football. The game that was initially restricted to the privileged elite was taken over by the masses and that altered the way people played, and fans interacted with the clubs.<ref name=":9">{{Cite journal |last=Shirts |first=Matthew |date=1989 |title=Playing Soccer in Brazil: Socrates, Corinthians, and Democracy |journal=The Wilson Quarterly}}</ref>
===CBF===


The [[Brazilian Football Confederation]] (CBF) is the highest sports entity in the country. It organizes all championships in the national territory and represents Brazil in international competitions between countries with the Brazilian team. It is headquartered in the city of Rio de Janeiro.<ref>[https://www.cbf.com.br/ CBF site]</ref>
In this way, football served as an instrument of social and cultural change that helped partially overcome the exclusion and stigmatization that marked Brazilian society.<ref name=":8" /> That transformed the traditional gentlemanly form of the sport to the spontaneous one we recognize nowadays.<ref name=":9" />


===State federations===
The populist spirit of Brazilian football challenged the outdated socials norms that were held in place. As the sport became increasingly popular around the country, its spirit was incorporated into Brazilian identity and challenged the political dominance of that time.<ref name=":9" />


State Federations are responsible for regulating football in each State within its jurisdiction. They are inferior bodies linked to the CBF, having their own autonomy to organize championships, elect president, sign contracts and recognize clubs and associations linked to the sport.<ref>[https://www.cbf.com.br/a-cbf/institucional/balancos-federacoes Condeferações estaduais de futebol]</ref>
The biggest evidence of the importance that football has on Brazilian culture is the World Cup. Every four years, Brazilians dominate the streets, cheering and celebrating their country. The sport brings people together and promote a collective identity. In a society that is still extremely segregated by race and class, these moments of collective union are essential to the formation and maintenance of a national identity.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Costa, Malcher |first=Anne, Maria |title=Futebol e Identidade Nacional Brasileira |journal=Congresso de Ciências da Comunicação na Região Norte}}</ref>


===Sports justice===
Nowadays, it is indisputable the major effect football has on Brazilian culture. It is the favorite pastime of youngsters and adults who frequently watch and play the sport. The influence of the sport is so significant that critics argue that political parties try to take advantage of the nationalistic surge created by football and bring it into politics.


The Superior Court of Sports Justice (STJD, in Portuguese) is a legal body in the field of sports in Brazil. He is responsible for judging cases involving clubs and athletes. It is common for them to participate in the daily life of Brazilian football through trials of cases of suspension due to red and yellow cards, cases of aggression or even doping. Its lower body is the Sports Justice Court (TJD, in Portuguese), which operates at state level.<ref>[https://www.stjd.org.br/ STJD site]</ref><ref>[http://www.tjdrj.org.br/ TJD do Rio de Janeiro]</ref>
==Football style==
Brazil plays a very unfundamental and distinctive style.<ref>{{cite web|last=Langbein |first=Francis |url=http://www.socceramerica.com/article/50554/the-secret-behind-the-mystique-of-beautiful-brazil.html |title=The secret behind the mystique of beautiful Brazilian soccer 02/28/2013 |publisher=SoccerAmerica |date=February 28, 2013 |access-date=February 21, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Homewood |first=Brian |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/international/menezes-sets-brazil-quest-for-old-style-7466751.html |title=Menezes sets Brazil quest for old style - World Cup 2014 - Football |newspaper=The Independent |date=March 1, 2012 |access-date=February 21, 2014}}</ref><ref name="Sky Sports">{{cite web|url=http://www1.skysports.com/FIFA-World-Cup-2014/news/12027/2381847/carlos-backs-brazilian-style |title=Carlos backs Brazilian style &#124; Football News |publisher=Sky Sports |access-date=February 21, 2014}}</ref><ref name="The famous Brazilian football">{{cite web|url=http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/hellochina/brazilianambassador2009/2009-08/24/content_8608530.htm |title=The famous Brazilian football |publisher=Chinadaily.com.cn |access-date=February 21, 2014}}</ref> For example, [[dribbling]] is an essential part of their style. Many people criticized former head coach [[Dunga]] because of the pragmatist, fundamental, defensive-minded style he brought to Brazil.<ref>{{cite news |title=Legend Socrates slams Brazil's style under Dunga as an 'affront' to football |url=https://www.smh.com.au/sport/soccer/legend-socrates-slams-brazils-style-under-dunga-as-an-affront-to-football-20100611-y0vq.html |access-date=September 6, 2020 |work=The Sydney Morning Herald |date=June 11, 2010}}</ref> After Brazil's failure at the [[2010 FIFA World Cup]], Dunga was fired and [[Mano Menezes]] became the head coach. With the aid of young talents such as [[Neymar]], [[Lucas Moura]], [[Paulo Henrique Ganso]], [[Oscar (footballer, born 1991)|Oscar]] and more, Brazil strives to return to its creative style.<ref name="Edwards">{{cite web|last=Edwards |first=Richard |url=http://www.express.co.uk/sport/football/331543/Brazil-s-Samba-style-looking-so-out-of-step |title=Brazil's Samba style looking so out of step &#124; Football &#124; Sport &#124; Daily Express |publisher=Express.co.uk |date=July 8, 2012 |access-date=February 21, 2014}}</ref>


==Main clubs==
The great exodus of players in recent years to European competitions is scene of much debate in the country, especially about the consequences that this would generate in the style of Brazilian football.


[[File:Gre-nal.jpg|thumb|[[Grenal]], one of the fiercest football rivalries in the world.]]
== Race and football ==
{{Essay-like|section|date=April 2018}}


In Brazil, historically 12 clubs are considered "big", although some others are also occasionally identified as big clubs, notably in their states of origin, including [[Atlético Paranaense]]. Those named in the lists with 12 clubs are: [[São Paulo FC|São Paulo]], [[Palmeiras]], [[Sport Club Corinthians Paulista|Corinthians]] and [[Santos FC|Santos]], all from the [[State of São Paulo]]; [[Fluminense]], [[Flamengo]], [[CR Vasco da Gama|Vasco]] and [[Botafogo de Futebol e Regatas|Botafogo]], all from the [[state of Rio de Janeiro]]; [[Internacional]] and [[Grêmio]], from the state of [[Rio Grande do Sul]], and [[Atlético Mineiro]] and [[Cruzeiro Esporte Clube|Cruzeiro]], from the state of [[Minas Gerais]]. In addition to these thirteen mentioned, Brazilian champion clubs are [[Esporte Clube Bahia|Bahia]], [[Coritiba]], [[Guarani FC|Guarani]] and [[Sport Club do Recife|Sport]], a total of 17 Brazilian Championship champion clubs, with [[Atlético Paranaense]] having had enormous growth in assets and income in the 21st Century, therefore being considered one of the greats of Brazilian football by much of the national press.<ref>[https://jovempan.com.br/esportes/futebol/botafogo-agora-e-o-unico-entre-os-12-grandes-clubes-do-brasil-sem-titulo-de-libertadores.html Botafogo agora é o único entre os 12 grandes clubes do Brasil sem título de Libertadores]</ref><ref>[https://www.espn.com.br/futebol/artigo/_/id/9966397/athletico-pr-mais-relevante-quais-clubes-grupo-12-grandes-veja-opiniao-comentaristas-canais-disney Athletico-PR já é mais relevante que quais clubes do grupo dos '12 grandes'? Veja opinião dos comentaristas dos canais Disney]</ref>
=== Historical background ===


==Calendar and competitions==
Race appears as a prominent issue in discussing football in Brazil. Individual's socioeconomic status, ethnic identities, and family backgrounds—key components that closely tied with race in Brazil—were heavily involved throughout the development of the sport. [http://www.transy.edu/social-sciences/faculty/dr-gregg-bocketti Gregg Bocketti], a professor of history at Transylvania University, presents how football incorporated participant's racial identities during the process of expanding the sport across the country in his book—''[[The Invention of the Beautiful Game|The Invention of The Beautiful Game: Football and the Making of Modern Brazil]]''. According to the author, Football was first introduced in Brazil as a European sport that exclusively favored white males with social and economic privileges.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|title=The Invention of The Beautiful Game: Football and the Making of Modern Brazil|last=Bocketti|first=Gregg|publisher=University Press of Florida|year=2016|pages=3}}</ref> [[Charles William Miller|Charles Miller]], a Brazilian-born male of Scottish descent who learned to play the sport while attending boarding school in Southampton, championed this persistent hierarchy within the sport, and further promoted his idea through recruiting members of the British expatriate [[São Paulo Athletic Club]] and his Brazilian acquaintances to take charge of the game.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=The Invention of The Beautiful Game: Football and the Making of Modern Brazil|last=Bocketti|first=Gregg|publisher=University Press of Florida|year=2016|pages=1}}</ref> Moreover, Miller's vision perceived football as an effective tool to "improve Brazil according to a European standard…and was infused by Eurocentrism and social exclusivity."<ref name=":1" /> Above all, football functioned as an integral component in the "high life among the urban upper classes" during the late nineteenth century Brazil.<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Invention of The Beautiful Game: Football and the Making of Modern Brazil|last=Bocketti|first=Gregg|publisher=University Press of Florida|year=2016|pages=27}}</ref>


A source of great controversy in Brazil, the football calendar has over time been the target of criticism from fans, specialized journalists and even club directors. With the approval of the "Football Fan Statute" by the National Congress, changes began to transform the national calendar. According to the CBF, the intention is to make the Brazilian calendar compatible with those of European countries, to reconcile the interests of national and international football organizations.<ref>[https://www.netvasco.com.br/news/noticias12/28705.shtml CBF diz que mudança no calendário depende dos clubes]</ref><ref>[https://extra.globo.com/esporte/clubes-aprovam-mudancas-no-calendario-506662.html Clubes aprovam mudanças no calendário]</ref>
Throughout the early twentieth century, racial exclusivity continued to exist yet with major changes in the sport's perception on racial minorities. Under the Vargas regime, football expanded its scope of participants. During the 1930s, [[Getúlio Vargas]], former President of Brazil, issued policies that promoted nationalism across the nation in which football served as an effective tool in unifying the people of Brazil as a single race.<ref name=":4">{{Cite book|title=The Invention of The Beautiful Game: Football and the Making of Modern Brazil|last=Bocketti|first=Gregg|publisher=University Press of Florida|year=2016|pages=118}}</ref> This allowed the Brazil national team to compete in international games overseas during which the administrators believed the team should be "represented by its best players, regardless of their backgrounds."<ref name=":4" /> Many non-white soccer players from the working class demonstrated their skills and talents at publicly recognized games. [[Mário Filho|Mario Filho]], a writer for the [[Jornal dos Sports|Journal dos Sports]] in 1936, commented that "in football there was not even the merest shadow of racism."<ref name=":3">{{Cite book|title=The Invention of The Beautiful Game: Football and the Making of Modern Brazil|last=Bocketti|first=Gregg|publisher=University Press of Florida|year=2016|pages=114}}</ref> In contrast, Bocketti argues Filho's statement lacked in understanding "the reality that traditional hierarchies and traditional exclusions" were deeply embedded throughout the 1930s.<ref name=":5">{{Cite book|title=The Invention of The Beautiful Game: Football and the Making of Modern Brazil|last=Bocketti|first=Gregg|publisher=University Press of Florida|year=2016|pages=115}}</ref> This was true because football clubs in Brazil were still organized and managed by privileged white administrators with wealthy backgrounds who established football amateurism to increase exclusivity among participants during the 1930s and 1940s.<ref name=":7" />


The Brazilian season traditionally starts in January. Today, the first competition to be played by professional squads is the state championships. Previously, between the mid-1990s and 2002, regional competitions, such as the Rio-São Paulo Tournament, the Copa Sul-Minas and the Copa Nordeste, for example, were held at the beginning of the year. They involved teams from different states. However, they were extinguished, as they overwhelmed the big teams in the first half. The [[Copa do Brasil]], played in the first half of the year, grew and gained importance. This is the only national competition that involves clubs from all states in Brazil, classified based on state tournaments from the previous year. By decision of the CBF, the Copa do Brasil now also includes the participation of teams qualified for the [[Copa Libertadores|Libertadores da América]], also played in the first half of each year.
=== Racial discrimination ===
Bahia team was the first Brazilian champion, in 1959.<ref>[https://exame.com/esporte/estaduais-pelo-brasil-veja-a-data-de-estreia-do-seu-time-em-2024/ Estaduais pelo Brasil: veja a data de estreia do seu time em 2024]</ref><ref>[https://ge.globo.com/pi/futebol/copa-do-brasil/noticia/2024/01/05/copa-do-brasil-2024-cbf-divulga-tabela-basica-do-torneio-inicio-esta-previsto-para-fevereiro.ghtml Copa do Brasil 2024: CBF divulga tabela básica do torneio; início está previsto para fevereiro]</ref><ref>[https://ge.globo.com/rj/futebol/noticia/2022/09/21/cbf-divulga-calendario-do-futebol-brasileiro-para-2023.ghtml CBF divulga calendário do futebol brasileiro para 2023]</ref>


The [[Campeonato Brasileiro Série A|Brazilian Football Championship]], also popularly known as Brasileirão, has been held between May and December normally, since 2003. As it starts before the middle of each year, the championship suffers with the opening of the foreign market between July and August, causing many players move to other countries. Furthermore, its beginning takes place during the decisive phase of the [[Copa Libertadores]] and its completion is in competition with the [[Copa Sudamericana]].<ref>[https://ge.globo.com/rj/futebol/noticia/2022/09/21/cbf-divulga-calendario-do-futebol-brasileiro-para-2023.ghtml CBF divulga calendário do futebol brasileiro para 2023]</ref>
Although non-white footballers had the opportunity to participate in a higher level of football, racial discrimination remains a serious problem in the Brazilian football communities. Before football in Brazil became a nationalized and popularized sport with participants from various racial, ethnic, and social backgrounds, the sport "advertised Brazil as white and cosmopolitan," which important political figures considered individual's race, class, and region in building representative sides.<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Invention of The Beautiful Game: Football and the Making of Modern Brazil|last=Bocketti|first=Gregg|publisher=University Press of Florida|year=2016|pages=14}}</ref>Brazilian soccer was known to be a sport born and developed by white Europeans seeking to bring their roots to other civilizations. 1919 gives insight to how Brazilian soccer was racially democratized by players mulatto Friendrich who “led brazil to the South American cup. Prominent heated conversations on football took place during the 1950 world cup where Brazil was in desperate waiting of making a name for itself in society as a country.When Brazil lost to Uruguay, heated discussions about “collective responsibilities” were brought up, such as the “bad luck” that brazil was always destined to have or more importantly racial factors in respect to how brazil was a nation formed by the so called “inferior races” such as those who were black.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Blacks Versus Whites:Self-Denomination, Soccer, Race Representations in Brazil |last=Oliveira-Monte|first=Emanuelle|publisher=Luso-Brazilian Review, Vol. 50, No. 2|year=2013|pages=76-92}}</ref> In relation to racial hierarchy, Bocketti argues that the Europeans perceived non-white soccer players as inferior and considered racial minorities' participation in football as physical labor and exclusive for lower class. In the early twentieth century, prestigious football clubs in Rio de Janeiro prohibited non-white players to compete in the league tournaments.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://nacla.org/article/beautiful-game-race-and-class-brazilian-soccer|title=The Beautiful Game? Race and Class in Brazilian Soccer|last=Daflon / Ballve|first=Rogerio / Teo|date=September 25, 2007|work=NACLA|access-date=April 11, 2018}}</ref> This trivialization continues throughout modern day society in which non-white soccer players are portrayed as inherently inferior. For example, various media reports reveal that non-white Brazilian soccer participants still experience racial discrimination. [[Neymar|Neymar Junior]], in his interview, shared his confrontations with coaches and fans for calling him a monkey.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=https://tcdh.wordpress.com/2014/06/24/neymar-jr-brazilian-racism-and-the-world-cup-of-football-soccer/|title=Neymar Jr, Brazilian Racism and The World Cup of Football (soccer)|date=June 24, 2014|website=The Corn Dealer's House|access-date=March 29, 2018}}</ref> Similarly, non-white football players are often referred as a monkey to degrade their identities based on their race.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://bleacherreport.com/articles/2184087-brazilian-football-is-racism-a-major-issue-to-be-addressed-immediately|title=Brazilian Football: Is Racism a Major Issue to Be Addressed Immediately?|last=Blakeley|first=Robbie|date=September 2, 2014|work=Bleacherreport|access-date=April 11, 2018}}</ref> Moreover, [[Aranha (footballer)|Aranha]], a goalkeeper for the Paulista club, was targeted for racist abuse from the audiences,<ref name=":6">{{Cite news|url=http://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2014/6/9/brazil-soccer-racism.html|title=Racism on soccer field in Brazil still hidden not so deep beneath surface|last=Bowater|first=Donna|date=June 9, 2014|work=Aljazeera America|access-date=April 11, 2018}}</ref> and so was [[Dida (footballer, born 1973)|Dida]], a former goalkeeper for the Brazil national team,<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.dw.com/en/brazilian-football-plagued-by-racism/a-17646244|title=Brazilian football plagued by racism|last=Prange|first=Astrid|date=May 23, 2014|work=Deutsche Welle|access-date=April 11, 2018}}</ref> and Marcio Chagas da Silva.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://riotimesonline.com/brazil-news/tag/marcio-chagas-da-silva/|title=Rousseff Speaks Out Against Racism in Football: Daily|date=March 10, 2014|work=The Rio Times|access-date=April 12, 2018}}</ref> In 2014, twelve incidents of racial discrimination were reported from soccer matches in Brazil.<ref name=":6" />


In total, a Brazilian club can end up playing around 70 matches throughout the year. There are 20 more compared to the representatives of the main European leagues, or 22 compared to their South American neighbors. First division games in the country usually take place in rounds on Wednesday and Thursday, in the evening, and Saturday and Sunday, in the afternoon.<ref>[https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/esporte/2022/01/times-brasileiros-jogam-20-partidas-a-mais-por-ano-que-europeus.shtml Times brasileiros jogam 20 partidas a mais por ano que europeus]</ref>
=== Racial mobilization ===


In the past, the state and national championships, since they were created, divided the Brazilian football calendar. One competition for each semester. Furthermore, in parallel to the state competitions, there were municipal and regional competitions and, in some places, the Home Tournament, which had all its matches in just one day.
For non-white football players, their social privilege and acknowledgement acquired through football allowed them to practice racial mobility despite their original heritage. In the 1930s, nationalization of football allowed non-white football players to experience social mobilization. However, professionalization of football in the early twentieth century Brazil strictly prioritized individuals with affluent backgrounds.<ref name=":7">{{Cite book|title=The Invention of The Beautiful Game: Football and the Making of Modern Brazil|last=Bocketti|first=Gregg|publisher=University Press of Florida|year=2016|pages=64}}</ref> Thus, non-white football players, after ascending their socioeconomic status, were accustomed to an exclusive environment in which the members were politically, socially, and economically influential. For instance, Arthur Friedenreich, a Brazilian football player with African and European heritage, experienced the upward social mobility during the 1910s through demonstrating his skills in football. However, he did not categorize himself as non-white but rather preferred to be identified as white because it was the color that was "traditionally accepted by Brazilian elites."<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Invention of The Beautiful Game: Football and the Making of Modern Brazil|last=Bocketti|first=Gregg|publisher=University of Florida Press|year=2016|pages=130}}</ref> Moreover, worldly renown football stars in the contemporary society such as [[Roberto Carlos]], [[Ronaldo (Brazilian footballer)|Ronaldo]], and [[Neymar|Neymar Jr]]. refused to be racially identified as black but rather as pardo.<ref name=":2" /> Unlike the issues non-whites soccer players face for their statements, [[Kaká|Kaka]], a white Brazilian football star, is portrayed as a sincere Christian and devoted father with no internal or external conflicts regarding his race.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Toward the Goal, Revised Edition: The Kaká Story|last=Jones|first=Jeremy|publisher=Zonderkidz|year=2014}}</ref> In contrast, those who characterizes their race differently are depicted as a betrayer and unfaithful person. According to ''The Times of India'', anthropologists and sociologists conducted research to demonstrate that racial minorities in Brazil tend to undergo upward mobilization to segregate themselves from underprivileged and underdeveloped environment.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/top-stories/Fifa-World-Cup-2014-Of-Neymars-hair-colour-race-and-identity/articleshow/37275481.cms|title=Of Neymar's hair colour, race and identity|last=Saxenal|first=Siddharth|date=June 27, 2014|work=The Times of India Sports|access-date=April 12, 2018}}</ref> Football stars, in this context, showed similar process which they prefer to be identified as powerful figures through categorizing themselves as white. For example, in writing about Arthur Friedenreich, Mário Filho wrote that "the black man in Brazil does not want to be black," and therefore many Brazilians "did not believe black men should represent the nation."<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Invention of The Beautiful Game: Football and the Making of Modern Brazil|last=Bocketti|first=Gregg|publisher=University of Florida Press|year=2016|pages=128}}</ref>

[[File:Football Brazil.png|thumb|Football in Brazil]]
==Football culture==
[[File:Brazil and Colombia match at the FIFA World Cup 2014-07-04 (33).jpg|250px|thumb|[[2014 FIFA World Cup]]]]
[[File:Spectators watching Brazil national football team train at Dobsonville Stadium 2010-06-03 10.jpg|thumb|Spectators watching Brazil national football team]]
Football is a significant part of the Brazilian identity. It is considered the country's most significant socio-cultural activity. In this way, football is not only a sport, but also an essential part of Brazil's cultural identity. It is the most popular sport in Brazil, and Brazilians passion for the sport makes them often refer to their country as "o País do Futebol" ("the country of football").<ref>[https://www2.camara.leg.br/a-camara/programas-institucionais/experiencias-presenciais/parlamentojovem/outros-conteudos/projetos-pjb/futebol-esporte-mais-popular-no-brasil-tem-data-nacional-no-mes-de-julho-1 Futebol: esporte mais popular no Brasil tem data nacional no mês de julho]</ref>

The integration of the sport in different segments of society marked the beginning of the Brazilian football identity. The sport became part of Brazilians daily life, and with time, it also became part of the popular culture.<ref>[https://www.osul.com.br/a-paixao-dos-jovens-brasileiros-pelo-futebol-e-o-impacto-dos-servicos-online/ A paixão dos jovens brasileiros pelo futebol e o impacto dos serviços online]</ref>

The biggest evidence of the importance that football has on Brazilian culture is the World Cup. Every four years, Brazilians dominate the streets, cheering and celebrating their country. The sport brings people together.<ref>[https://g1.globo.com/mundo/copa-do-catar/noticia/2022/11/21/brasileiros-pintam-e-enfeitam-ruas-para-a-copa-do-mundo-veja-imagens-pelo-pais.ghtml Brasileiros pintam e enfeitam ruas para a Copa do Mundo: veja imagens pelo país]</ref><ref>[https://odia.ig.com.br/vida-e-estilo/2014-06-06/decoracao-de-rua-no-brasil-e-tradicao-nas-copas.html Decoração de rua no Brasil é tradição nas Copas]</ref><ref>[https://g1.globo.com/mundo/copa-do-catar/noticia/2022/11/28/torcedores-comemoram-vitoria-da-selecao-brasileira-em-diversos-pontos-de-belo-horizonte.ghtml Torcedores comemoram vitória da Seleção Brasileira em diversos pontos de Belo Horizonte]</ref>

However, in recent years, with the rise of the internet, which makes it easier to follow any sport, and with Brazil's evolution in Olympic sports ([[Brazil at the Olympics|the country became one of the 15 strongest in the world at the Olympic Games]]), the Brazilian population has been changing their tastes, and begins to become more interested in sports such as surfing, skateboarding, tennis, swimming, judo, volleyball and others, reducing the importance of football.<ref>[https://exame.com/casual/surfe-e-skate-impulsionam-audiencia-da-olimpiada-principalmente-no-brasil/ Surfe e skate impulsionam audiência da Olimpíada, principalmente no Brasil]</ref><ref>[https://exame.com/bussola/a-olimpiada-da-tv-e-sucesso-em-audiencia/ A Olimpíada da TV é sucesso em audiência]</ref><ref>[https://noticiasdatv.uol.com.br/noticia/televisao/ibope-do-brasileirao-cai-14-e-tem-pior-indice-de-era-exclusiva-da-globo-71559 Ibope do Brasileirão cai 14% e tem pior índice de 'era exclusiva' da Globo]</ref><ref>[https://veja.abril.com.br/economia/fator-messi-champions-league-tem-pior-audiencia-da-historia-na-tv-aberta Fator Messi? Champions League tem pior audiência da história na TV aberta]</ref><ref>[https://esportes.r7.com/prisma/cosme-rimoli/tensao-na-globo-futebol-feminino-despenca-a-audiencia-em-43-patrocinadores-da-copa-do-mundo-estao-com-medo-nao-e-canalhice-19062023 Tensão na Globo. Futebol feminino despenca a audiência em 43%. Patrocinadores da Copa do Mundo estão com medo. Não é 'canalhice' ]</ref><ref>[https://oglobo.globo.com/play/audiencia/noticia/2023/10/09/com-jogo-do-brasil-no-pre-olimpico-volei-tem-melhor-audiencia-do-ultimo-ano.ghtml Com jogo do Brasil no Pré-Olímpico, vôlei tem melhor audiência do último ano]</ref><ref>[https://www.terra.com.br/esportes/pesquisa-aponta-crescimento-de-interesse-por-volei-entre-adultos-brasileiros,78a4a71a7a827b4c631eeeba8d293debz10vaf6f.html Pesquisa aponta crescimento de interesse por vôlei entre adultos brasileiros]</ref>

== Women's football ==
[[Women's association football|Women's football]], unlike men's, has noticeably less popularity in the country.

The [[Brazil women's national football team|Brazilian women's national team]] managed to finish as runners-up at the [[Football at the Summer Olympics|Olympics]] in [[Football at the 2004 Summer Olympics – Women's tournament|2004]], [[Football at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Women's tournament|2008]] and [[Football at the 2024 Summer Olympics – Women's tournament|2024]], and at the [[FIFA Women's World Cup|Women's World Cup]] in [[2007 FIFA Women's World Cup|2007]].


==Brazilian football in television==
==Brazilian football in television==
Line 117: Line 131:
===Paid television===
===Paid television===
* [[SporTV]] — [[Campeonato Brasileiro Série A]], [[Campeonato Brasileiro Série B]], [[Campeonato Brasileiro Sub-20|Campeonato Brasileiro U-20]], [[Copa do Brasil]], [[Copa do Brasil Sub-20|Copa do Brasil U-20]], [[Copa do Brasil Sub-17|Copa do Brasil U-17]], [[Supercopa do Brasil]], [[Florida Cup (soccer)|Florida Cup]], [[Copa São Paulo de Futebol Júnior]], [[Taça Belo Horizonte de Juniores|Taça BH]], [[Serie A]], [[Taça de Portugal]], [[Copa América]], [[South American Youth Football Championship|U-20 South American Championship]], [[FIFA World Cup]], [[FIFA Women's World Cup]], [[FIFA U-20 World Cup]], [[FIFA U-17 World Cup]], [[FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup]], [[FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup]], [[FIFA Club World Cup]], [[UEFA European Championship|UEFA Euro]], [[FIFA World Cup qualification|FIFA World Cup qualification (CONMEBOL)]], [[Campeonato Paulista]], [[Campeonato Paulista Série A2]], [[Campeonato Paulista de Futebol Feminino]], [[Campeonato Mineiro]], [[Campeonato Gaúcho]], [[Campeonato Pernambucano]].
* [[SporTV]] — [[Campeonato Brasileiro Série A]], [[Campeonato Brasileiro Série B]], [[Campeonato Brasileiro Sub-20|Campeonato Brasileiro U-20]], [[Copa do Brasil]], [[Copa do Brasil Sub-20|Copa do Brasil U-20]], [[Copa do Brasil Sub-17|Copa do Brasil U-17]], [[Supercopa do Brasil]], [[Florida Cup (soccer)|Florida Cup]], [[Copa São Paulo de Futebol Júnior]], [[Taça Belo Horizonte de Juniores|Taça BH]], [[Serie A]], [[Taça de Portugal]], [[Copa América]], [[South American Youth Football Championship|U-20 South American Championship]], [[FIFA World Cup]], [[FIFA Women's World Cup]], [[FIFA U-20 World Cup]], [[FIFA U-17 World Cup]], [[FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup]], [[FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup]], [[FIFA Club World Cup]], [[UEFA European Championship|UEFA Euro]], [[FIFA World Cup qualification|FIFA World Cup qualification (CONMEBOL)]], [[Campeonato Paulista]], [[Campeonato Paulista Série A2]], [[Campeonato Paulista de Futebol Feminino]], [[Campeonato Mineiro]], [[Campeonato Gaúcho]], [[Campeonato Pernambucano]].
* [[ESPN]] / [[ESPN Brasil]] — [[Campeonato Brasileiro Feminino]], [[UEFA Europa League]], [[UEFA Women's Champions League]], [[La Liga]], [[Copa del Rey]], [[Supercopa de España]], [[Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Copa de la Reina]], [[Supercopa de España Femenina]], [[Premier League]], [[EFL Championship]], [[EFL Cup]], [[Women's FA Community Shield]], [[DFB-Pokal]], [[Eredivisie]], [[Primeira Liga]], [[Chinese Super League]], [[J.League Cup / Copa Sudamericana Championship]], [[Major League Soccer]], [[U.S. Open Cup]], [[Audi Cup]], [[Joan Gamper Trophy]], [[UEFA Champions League|UEFA Champions League qualifying]].
* [[ESPN]] / [[ESPN Brasil]] — [[Campeonato Brasileiro Feminino]], [[UEFA Europa League]], [[UEFA Women's Champions League]], [[La Liga]], [[Copa del Rey]], [[Supercopa de España]], [[Copa de la Reina de Fútbol|Copa de la Reina]], [[Supercopa de España Femenina]], [[Premier League]], [[EFL Championship]], [[EFL Cup]], [[Women's FA Community Shield]], [[DFB-Pokal]], [[Eredivisie]], [[Primeira Liga]], [[Chinese Super League]], [[J.League Cup / Copa Sudamericana Championship]], [[Major League Soccer]], [[U.S. Open Cup]], [[Audi Cup]], [[Joan Gamper Trophy]], [[UEFA Champions League|UEFA Champions League qualifying]].
* [[Fox Sports (Brazil)|Fox Sports Brasil]] – [[UEFA Europa League]], [[Copa Libertadores]], [[Coupe de France]], [[Copa do Nordeste]], [[Premier League]], [[EFL Championship]], [[La Liga]], [[DFB-Pokal]], [[Primeira Liga]], [[Eredivisie]], [[Chinese Super League]].
* [[Fox Sports (Brazil)|Fox Sports Brasil]] – [[UEFA Europa League]], [[Copa Libertadores]], [[Coupe de France]], [[Copa do Nordeste]], [[Premier League]], [[EFL Championship]], [[La Liga]], [[DFB-Pokal]], [[Primeira Liga]], [[Eredivisie]], [[Chinese Super League]].
* [[TNT Sports (Argentina)|TNT Sports]] ([[Turner Network Television|TNT]] / [[Space (Latin American TV channel)|Space]]) — [[Campeonato Brasileiro Série A]], [[UEFA Champions League]], [[Serie A]], [[UEFA Nations League]], [[UEFA European Championship qualifying|UEFA Euro qualifying]].
* [[TNT Sports (Argentina)|TNT Sports]] ([[Turner Network Television|TNT]] / [[Space (Latin American TV channel)|Space]]) — [[Campeonato Brasileiro Série A]], [[UEFA Champions League]], [[Serie A]], [[UEFA Nations League]], [[UEFA European Championship qualifying|UEFA Euro qualifying]].
Line 149: Line 163:
== Largest Brazilian football stadiums ==
== Largest Brazilian football stadiums ==


Stadiums with a capacity of 40,000 or higher are included.
{| class="wikitable sortable"
{{row counter|{| class{{=}}"wikitable sortable"
!#!!Stadium!!Capacity!!City!!State!!Team
!#!!Stadium!!Capacity!!City!!State!!Tenants!!Image
|-
| _row_count||[[Maracanã Stadium|Maracanã]]|| align{{=}}"center" |73,193<ref name="Bid27Bra">{{cite book |title=The Brazilian Bid for the FIFA Women's World Cup 2027 |date=8 December 2023 |publisher=FIFA |url=https://digitalhub.fifa.com/m/7dad0d3009710ee7/original/The-Brazilian-Bid-Book-FIFA-Women-s-World-Cup-2027.pdf |access-date=2 January 2024}}</ref>||[[Rio de Janeiro]]||[[Rio de Janeiro (state)|Rio de Janeiro]]||[[CR Flamengo|Flamengo]], [[Fluminense FC|Fluminense]]
|[[File:Maracanã (21093504141).jpg|150px]]
|-
| _row_count||[[Estádio Nacional Mané Garrincha|Mané Garrincha]]|| align{{=}}"center" |69,910<ref name="Bid27Bra" />||[[Brasília]]||[[Federal District (Brazil)|Federal District]]||[[Brasília Futebol Clube|Brasília FC]]
|[[File:Estádio Nacional Brasília.jpg|150px]]
|-
| _row_count||[[Mineirão]]|| align{{=}}"center" |66,658<ref name="Bid27Bra" />||[[Belo Horizonte]]||[[Minas Gerais]]||[[Cruzeiro Esporte Clube|Cruzeiro]]
|[[File:CRI ENG 24 06 2014 9667.JPG|150px]]
|-
| _row_count||[[Estádio do Morumbi|Morumbi]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.saopaulofc.net/estrutura/morumbi/sobre-o-morumbi |title=Sobre o Morumbi |website=São Paulo FC |access-date=28 May 2023 |language=pt}}</ref>|| align{{=}}"center" |66,435||[[São Paulo]]||[[São Paulo (state)|São Paulo]]||[[São Paulo FC]]
|[[File:Bandeira independente Morumbi.jpg|150px]]
|-
| _row_count||[[Estádio do Arruda|Arruda]]||align{{=}}center|60,044||[[Recife]]||[[Pernambuco]]||[[Santa Cruz Futebol Clube|Santa Cruz]]
|[[File:Arruda em novembro de 2013.JPG|150px]]
|-
| _row_count||[[Castelão (Ceará)|Arena Castelão]]|| align{{=}}"center" |57,876<ref name="Bid27Bra" />||[[Fortaleza]]||[[Ceará]]||[[Ceará Sporting Club|Ceará]], [[Fortaleza Esporte Clube|Fortaleza EC]]
|[[File:Castelão Arena (3).jpg|150px]]
|-
| _row_count||[[Estádio Parque do Sabiá|Parque do Sabiá]]|| align{{=}}"center" |56,450||[[Uberlândia]]||[[Minas Gerais]]||[[Uberlândia Esporte Clube|Uberlândia EC]]
|[[File:Estádio Parque do Sabiá.jpg|150px]]
|-
| _row_count||[[Arena do Grêmio]]|| align{{=}}"center" |55,662||[[Porto Alegre]]||[[Rio Grande do Sul]]||[[Grêmio Foot-Ball Porto Alegrense|Grêmio]]
|[[File:Arena do Grêmio.jpg|150px]]
|-
| _row_count||[[Mangueirão]]|| align{{=}}"center" |53,635||[[Belém]]||[[Pará]]||[[Paysandu SC|Paysandu]], [[Clube do Remo]]||
|-
| _row_count||[[Estádio Beira-Rio|Beira-Rio]]|| align{{=}}"center" |49,055<ref name="Bid27Bra" />||[[Porto Alegre]]||[[Rio Grande do Sul]]||[[Sport Club Internacional|Internacional]]
|[[File:Beira-Rio-Stadium-Porto-Alegre-Brazil.jpg|150px]]
|-
| _row_count||[[Itaipava Arena Fonte Nova|Arena Fonte Nova]]|| align{{=}}"center" |47,915<ref name="Bid27Bra" /><ref name="book">{{cite web |url=https://digitalhub.fifa.com/m/1bc34aeb73cef6aa/original/qkputfh2wa3pebs0bnw7-pdf.pdf |title=Brazilian Woman Power: The Brazilian bid for FIFA Women's World Cup 2023™|publisher=Brazilian Football Confederation (CBF)|accessdate=28 January 2020 }}</ref>||[[Salvador, Bahia|Salvador]]||[[Bahia]]||[[EC Bahia]]
|[[File:Arena Fonte Nova 2020 03.jpg|150px]]
|-
| _row_count||[[Arena Corinthians]]|| align{{=}}"center" |47,252<ref name="Bid27Bra" />||[[São Paulo]]||[[São Paulo (state)|São Paulo]]||[[Sport Club Corinthians Paulista|Corinthians]]
|[[File:Corinthians x Grêmio - Brasileirão 2016.jpg|150px]]
|-
| _row_count||[[Estádio Prudentão|Prudentão]]|| align{{=}}"center" |45,954||[[Presidente Prudente, São Paulo|Presidente Prudente]]||[[São Paulo (state)|São Paulo]]||[[Grêmio Desportivo Prudente|Grêmio Prudente]]
|[[File:Derby Paulista (Corinthians-Palmeiras) Paulistão 2009.jpg|150px]]
|-
| _row_count||[[Arena Pernambuco]]|| align{{=}}"center" |45,440<ref name="Bid27Bra" />||[[São Lourenço da Mata]]||[[Pernambuco]]||[[Retrô Futebol Clube Brasil|Retrô]]
|[[File:Panorama of Arena Pernambuco.jpg|150px]]
|-
|-
|1||[[Maracanã Stadium|Maracanã]]|| align="center" |78,838||[[Rio de Janeiro]]||[[Rio de Janeiro (state)|Rio de Janeiro]]||[[Clube de Regatas do Flamengo|Flamengo]], [[Fluminense FC|Fluminense]]
| _row_count||[[Estádio Olímpico Nilton Santos|Nilton Santos]]|| align{{=}}"center" |45,000||[[Rio de Janeiro]]||[[Rio de Janeiro (state)|Rio de Janeiro]]||[[Botafogo de Futebol e Regatas|Botafogo]]
|[[File:Estádio Nilton Santos 2017.jpg|150px]]
|-
|-
|2||[[Estádio do Morumbi|Morumbi]]|| align="center" |77,011||[[São Paulo]]||[[São Paulo (state)|São Paulo]]||[[São Paulo FC|São Paulo]]
| _row_count||[[Albertão]]|| align{{=}}"center" |44,200||[[Teresina]]||[[Piauí]]||[[Esporte Clube Flamengo|Flamengo-PI]], [[River Atlético Clube]]
|[[File:Interno do estádio Albertão Teresina.JPG|150px]]
|-
|-
|3||[[Estádio Nacional Mané Garrincha|Mané Garrincha]]|| align="center" |72,788||[[Brasília]]||[[Federal District (Brazil)|Federal District]]||[[Brasília Futebol Clube|Brasília]]
| _row_count||[[Allianz Parque]]|| align{{=}}"center" |43,713||[[São Paulo]]||[[São Paulo (state)|São Paulo]]||[[Sociedade Esportiva Palmeiras|Palmeiras]]
|[[File:Palmeiras x Shandong Luneng - 2015.jpg|150px]]
|-
|-
|4||[[Castelão (Ceará)|Arena Castelão]]|| align="center" |63,903||[[Fortaleza]]||[[Ceará]]||[[Ceará Sporting Club|Ceará]], [[Fortaleza Esporte Clube|Fortaleza]]
| _row_count||[[Arena da Amazônia]]|| align{{=}}"center" |42,924<ref name="Bid27Bra" />||[[Manaus]]||[[Amazonas (Brazilian state)|Amazonas]]||[[Amazonas Futebol Clube|Amazonas]], [[Manaus Futebol Clube|Manaus FC]], [[Nacional Futebol Clube|Nacional]]
|[[File:Amazon Arena, Manaus, Brazil.jpg|150px]]
|-
|-
|5||[[Mineirão]]|| align="center" |61,846||[[Belo Horizonte]]||[[Minas Gerais]]||[[Clube Atlético Mineiro|Atlético-MG]], [[Cruzeiro Esporte Clube|Cruzeiro]]
| _row_count||[[Arena Pantanal]]|| align{{=}}"center" |42,788<ref name="Bid27Bra" />||[[Cuiabá]]||[[Mato Grosso]]||[[Cuiabá Esporte Clube|Cuiabá EC]], [[Clube Esportivo Dom Bosco|Dom Bosco]]
|[[File:Arena Pantanal -018 (14880318398).jpg|150px]]
|-
|-
|6||[[Estádio do Arruda|Arruda]]||align=center|60,044||[[Recife]]||[[Pernambuco]]||[[Santa Cruz Futebol Clube|Santa Cruz]]
| _row_count||[[Arena da Baixada]]|| align{{=}}"center" |42,372||[[Curitiba]]||[[Paraná (state)|Paraná]]||[[Athletico Paranaense]]
|[[File:Arena da Baixada in 2019.jpg|150px]]
|-
|-
|7||[[Estádio Parque do Sabiá|Parque do Sabiá]]|| align="center" |56,450||[[Uberlândia]]||[[Minas Gerais]]||[[Uberlândia Esporte Clube|Uberlândia]]
| _row_count||[[Estádio Serra Dourada|Serra Dourada]]|| align{{=}}"center" |42,000||[[Goiânia]]||[[Goiás]]||
|
|-
|-
|8||[[Arena do Grêmio]]|| align="center" |55,662||[[Porto Alegre]]||[[Rio Grande do Sul]]||[[Grêmio Foot-Ball Porto Alegrense|Grêmio]]
| _row_count||[[Estádio Couto Pereira|Couto Pereira]]|| align{{=}}"center" |40,502||[[Curitiba]]||[[Paraná (state)|Paraná]]||[[Coritiba Foot Ball Club|Coritiba FC]]
|[[File:Estádio Couto Pereira.jpg|150px]]
|-
|-
|9||[[Albertão]]|| align="center" |52,296||[[Teresina]]||[[Piauí]]||[[Esporte Clube Flamengo|Flamengo-PI]], [[River Atlético Clube|River-PI]]
| _row_count||[[Pacaembu Stadium|Pacaembu]]|| align{{=}}"center" |40,199||[[São Paulo]]||[[São Paulo (state)|São Paulo]]||
|[[File:Estádio do Pacaembu, Sao Paulo 2017 024.jpg|150px]]
|-
|-
|10||[[Estádio Beira-Rio|Beira-Rio]]|| align="center" |50,128||[[Porto Alegre]]||[[Rio Grande do Sul]]||[[Sport Club Internacional|Internacional]]
| _row_count||[[Castelão (Maranhão)|Castelão]]|| align{{=}}"center" |40,149||[[São Luís, Maranhão|São Luís]]||[[Maranhão]]||[[Sampaio Corrêa Futebol Clube|Sampaio Corrêa]]
|[[File:Estádio Castelão em São Luís, Maranhão, Brasil.jpg|150px]]
|-
|-
|} }}
|11||[[Itaipava Arena Fonte Nova|Arena Fonte Nova]]|| align="center" |50,025||[[Salvador, Bahia|Salvador]]||[[Bahia]]||[[EC Bahia|Bahia]]
|}


==See also==
==See also==

Latest revision as of 16:02, 11 December 2024

Football in Brazil
Night view of Maracanã Stadium, June 2013.
CountryBrazil
Governing bodyCBF
National team(s)Brazil
First played1894[1]
Registered players2.1 million[2]
Clubs29,208[2]
National competitions
Club competitions
International competitions
Audience records
Single match199,854
(Brazil 1-2 Uruguay at Maracanã Stadium in 1950 FIFA World Cup)[4]

Football is the most popular sport in Brazil and a prominent part of the country's national identity. The Brazil national football team has won the FIFA World Cup five times, the most of any team, in 1958, 1962, 1970, 1994 and 2002.[5] Brazil and Germany are the only teams to succeed in qualifying for all the World Cups for which they entered the qualifiers; Brazil is the only team to participate in every World Cup competition ever held. Brazil has also won an Olympic gold medal, at the 2016 Summer Olympics held in Rio de Janeiro[6] and at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo.

Pelé won three World Cups (he was injured during most of the 1962 World Cup). Some of the most prominent players in football come from Brazil, including Garrincha, Ronaldo, Roberto Carlos, Romário, Ronaldinho, Nilton Santos, Djalma Santos, Taffarel, Falcão, Rivaldo, Zico, Kaká and Neymar in men's game and Marta in the women's game.

The governing body of football in Brazil is the Brazilian Football Confederation.

History

[edit]
Main article: History of football in Brazil

Football was introduced to Brazil by Scottish immigrant Thomas Donohoe.[1] The first football match played in Brazil was in April 1894, played on a pitch marked out by Donohoe next to his workplace in Bangu.[1]

In the 1870s, like many other British workers, a Scottish expatriate named John Miller worked on the railroad construction project in São Paulo with other European immigrants.[7][8][9] In 1884, Miller sent his ten-year-old son Charles William Miller to Bannister School in Southampton, England, to be educated. Charles was a skilled athlete who quickly picked up the game of football at the time when the Football League was still being formed, and as an accomplished winger and striker Charles held school honors that gained him entry into the Southampton F.C. team, and later into the county team of Hampshire.

In 1888, the first sports club was founded in the city, São Paulo Athletic Club. In 1892, while still in England, Charles was invited to play a game for Corinthian F.C., a team formed of players invited from public schools and universities. On his return to Brazil, Charles brought some football equipment and a rule book with him. He then taught the rules of the game to players in São Paulo. On December 14, 1901, the "Liga Paulista de Foot-Ball" was founded, organising its own championship, "Campeonato Paulista", first held in 1902. Therefore, Campeonato Paulista became the oldest official competition in Brazilian football.[10] Another important club, called Società Sportiva Palestra Itália club, that was founded in 1914 played a big role in helping Italian immigrants get accustomed to Brazilian society.[11] The club's goal was to promote "Italian identity and allegiance, helping the immigrant community to cultivate a sense of discrete ethnicity".[11]

São Paulo Athletic Club won the first three years' Paulista championships. Miller's skills were far above his colleagues at this stage. He was given the honor of contributing his name to a move involving a deft flick of the ball with the heel "Chaleira" (the "tea-pot"). The first match played by one of Miller's teams was six months after Donohoe's.[1]

Another competition, Campeonato Carioca, was first held in 1906 as the Rio de Janeiro State football championship, being contested up to present days.

Charles Miller kept a strong bond with English football throughout his life. After a tour of English team Corinthian F.C. to Brazil in 1910, Corinthians was established on September 1, taking on the name of the British side after a suggestion from Miller. In 1913 there were two different editions of the Campeonato Paulista. One was organized by the Associação Paulista de Esportes Atléticos (APEA) while the other one was organized by the Liga Paulista de Foot-Ball (LPF).

The Brazilian Football Confederation (CBF) was founded in 1914, but the current format for the Campeonato Brasileiro was only established in 1959.

Football style

[edit]
Garrincha (left), Brazilian winger and 1962 World Cup star, is regarded as one of the greatest dribblers of all time.[12]

Brazil plays a very unfundamental and distinctive style. For example, dribbling is an essential part of their style.[13][14][15][16]

After the third title in the 1970 FIFA World Cup, Brazilian football experienced a drought of World Cup titles, which would only end in 1994. In the meantime, despite playing flashy football that enchanted the world (like the 1982 FIFA World Cup squad), the Seleção started to prioritize results-based football. Thus, since the mid-1990s, Brazilian football began to lose its characteristics. For Tostão, Brazilian football has become outdated: "The most classic example of this is that in the last 20 years Brazil has not had a single great midfield player. And this happened because there was a division in the midfield between the midfielders, who play scoring further back, and two midfielders, who play up front, close to the opponent's area. The game lost exchange of passes in that environment. The Spanish and Germans do this very well. That was the best Brazil had in my time and disappeared. We had Gérson, Rivellino, Clodoaldo, then Falcão, Toninho Cerezo. This is what Iniesta, Rakitic, Modric and Kroos did, for example, and what Xavi and Schweinsteiger did. This characteristic that the Europeans encouraged most, the Brazilians devalued. We created many area dribblers. This is just one example of how Brazilian football has gone down the wrong path."[17][18][19]

The great exodus of players in recent years to European competitions has generated a great debate in the country, especially about the consequences this would have on the style of Brazilian football, as it could "Europeanize" the way players act.[20]

Brazilian team

[edit]
The 1970 FIFA World Cup-winning Brazil team, considered by many distinguished commentators as the greatest football team ever

The Brazil national football team is one of the main national football teams in the world. The biggest winner of the FIFA World Cup, with five titles, Brazil is known for its yellow and green shirt, with blue shorts and white socks, the four colors of the national flag. Because the shirt is predominantly yellow, the Brazilian team is also treated as the Canarinho team.[21][22]

Founded on July 21, 1914, the 12th anniversary of Fluminense Football Club, the Seleção played its first game at the Laranjeiras Stadium, against the English team Exeter City. The Brazilian team is widely considered the most relevant team in world football.[23]

The Brazilian national team also won the Copa América on eight occasions, the Confederations Cup on four, and in 2016 and 2020 won the gold medal, awarded to football champions at the Olympic Games, in the edition of the games held in Rio de Janeiro , having won three silver medals for runners-up and two bronze medals for third places.[24]

The Brazilian team's biggest rivals are Argentina and Uruguay on the American continent. In addition to these, the Europeans, England, Italy and the Netherlands, are traditional opponents, due to the clashes held, mainly in World Cups.[25][26][27][28]

Entities

[edit]

CBF

[edit]

The Brazilian Football Confederation (CBF) is the highest sports entity in the country. It organizes all championships in the national territory and represents Brazil in international competitions between countries with the Brazilian team. It is headquartered in the city of Rio de Janeiro.[29]

State federations

[edit]

State Federations are responsible for regulating football in each State within its jurisdiction. They are inferior bodies linked to the CBF, having their own autonomy to organize championships, elect president, sign contracts and recognize clubs and associations linked to the sport.[30]

Sports justice

[edit]

The Superior Court of Sports Justice (STJD, in Portuguese) is a legal body in the field of sports in Brazil. He is responsible for judging cases involving clubs and athletes. It is common for them to participate in the daily life of Brazilian football through trials of cases of suspension due to red and yellow cards, cases of aggression or even doping. Its lower body is the Sports Justice Court (TJD, in Portuguese), which operates at state level.[31][32]

Main clubs

[edit]
Grenal, one of the fiercest football rivalries in the world.

In Brazil, historically 12 clubs are considered "big", although some others are also occasionally identified as big clubs, notably in their states of origin, including Atlético Paranaense. Those named in the lists with 12 clubs are: São Paulo, Palmeiras, Corinthians and Santos, all from the State of São Paulo; Fluminense, Flamengo, Vasco and Botafogo, all from the state of Rio de Janeiro; Internacional and Grêmio, from the state of Rio Grande do Sul, and Atlético Mineiro and Cruzeiro, from the state of Minas Gerais. In addition to these thirteen mentioned, Brazilian champion clubs are Bahia, Coritiba, Guarani and Sport, a total of 17 Brazilian Championship champion clubs, with Atlético Paranaense having had enormous growth in assets and income in the 21st Century, therefore being considered one of the greats of Brazilian football by much of the national press.[33][34]

Calendar and competitions

[edit]

A source of great controversy in Brazil, the football calendar has over time been the target of criticism from fans, specialized journalists and even club directors. With the approval of the "Football Fan Statute" by the National Congress, changes began to transform the national calendar. According to the CBF, the intention is to make the Brazilian calendar compatible with those of European countries, to reconcile the interests of national and international football organizations.[35][36]

The Brazilian season traditionally starts in January. Today, the first competition to be played by professional squads is the state championships. Previously, between the mid-1990s and 2002, regional competitions, such as the Rio-São Paulo Tournament, the Copa Sul-Minas and the Copa Nordeste, for example, were held at the beginning of the year. They involved teams from different states. However, they were extinguished, as they overwhelmed the big teams in the first half. The Copa do Brasil, played in the first half of the year, grew and gained importance. This is the only national competition that involves clubs from all states in Brazil, classified based on state tournaments from the previous year. By decision of the CBF, the Copa do Brasil now also includes the participation of teams qualified for the Libertadores da América, also played in the first half of each year. Bahia team was the first Brazilian champion, in 1959.[37][38][39]

The Brazilian Football Championship, also popularly known as Brasileirão, has been held between May and December normally, since 2003. As it starts before the middle of each year, the championship suffers with the opening of the foreign market between July and August, causing many players move to other countries. Furthermore, its beginning takes place during the decisive phase of the Copa Libertadores and its completion is in competition with the Copa Sudamericana.[40]

In total, a Brazilian club can end up playing around 70 matches throughout the year. There are 20 more compared to the representatives of the main European leagues, or 22 compared to their South American neighbors. First division games in the country usually take place in rounds on Wednesday and Thursday, in the evening, and Saturday and Sunday, in the afternoon.[41]

In the past, the state and national championships, since they were created, divided the Brazilian football calendar. One competition for each semester. Furthermore, in parallel to the state competitions, there were municipal and regional competitions and, in some places, the Home Tournament, which had all its matches in just one day.

Football culture

[edit]
2014 FIFA World Cup
Spectators watching Brazil national football team

Football is a significant part of the Brazilian identity. It is considered the country's most significant socio-cultural activity. In this way, football is not only a sport, but also an essential part of Brazil's cultural identity. It is the most popular sport in Brazil, and Brazilians passion for the sport makes them often refer to their country as "o País do Futebol" ("the country of football").[42]

The integration of the sport in different segments of society marked the beginning of the Brazilian football identity. The sport became part of Brazilians daily life, and with time, it also became part of the popular culture.[43]

The biggest evidence of the importance that football has on Brazilian culture is the World Cup. Every four years, Brazilians dominate the streets, cheering and celebrating their country. The sport brings people together.[44][45][46]

However, in recent years, with the rise of the internet, which makes it easier to follow any sport, and with Brazil's evolution in Olympic sports (the country became one of the 15 strongest in the world at the Olympic Games), the Brazilian population has been changing their tastes, and begins to become more interested in sports such as surfing, skateboarding, tennis, swimming, judo, volleyball and others, reducing the importance of football.[47][48][49][50][51][52][53]

Women's football

[edit]

Women's football, unlike men's, has noticeably less popularity in the country.

The Brazilian women's national team managed to finish as runners-up at the Olympics in 2004, 2008 and 2024, and at the Women's World Cup in 2007.

Brazilian football in television

[edit]

Football is broadcast in television in the following channels:

Free television

[edit]
[edit]

League system

[edit]

Brazilian football clubs are affiliate to their state federations and state federations are themselves federate to Brazilian Football Confederation. As such, each state has its own league pyramid (see State Championships), Campeonato Paulista (the oldest and most traditional), Campeonato Carioca, Campeonato Mineiro, Campeonato Gaúcho being the most prominent.

There's a parallel federal pyramid. That means each club plays its state championships and only some biggest clubs play on the federal championships. Those two systems run in parallel there's no direct rank or relegation-promotion from one to the other besides state federations being responsible for appointing one to four clubs each to form each year Campeonato Brasileiro Série D. Each state set its own rule for those appointments but it's usually done through best position of the clubs on the top state tier that does not play any federal league or by a qualifying tournament, e.g. Copa Paulista is a tournament to select the fourth qualified from São Paulo (state) to Série D.

Main article: Brazilian football league system

The federal system is composed of four tiers:

State top tiers run from January to April and federal leagues from May to December, so clubs on federal leagues can handle their state schedule without conflict. Lower state tiers run from February to November.

Although uncommon it's possible for a 'big' club to be relegated to its state second-tier league while still playing a federal league. It happened for instance to Criciúma who was relegated to 2022 Campeonato Catarinense Série B, the second-tier league on Santa Catarina pyramid, while still playing Campeonato Brasileiro Série B. They resolved the problem of schedule conflict fielding a junior team in 2022 Campeonasto Catarinense Série B. Many of the states championships have their own promotion/relegation system.

Largest Brazilian football stadiums

[edit]

Stadiums with a capacity of 40,000 or higher are included.

# Stadium Capacity City State Tenants Image
1 Maracanã 73,193[54] Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Flamengo, Fluminense
2 Mané Garrincha 69,910[54] Brasília Federal District Brasília FC
3 Mineirão 66,658[54] Belo Horizonte Minas Gerais Cruzeiro
4 Morumbi[55] 66,435 São Paulo São Paulo São Paulo FC
5 Arruda 60,044 Recife Pernambuco Santa Cruz
6 Arena Castelão 57,876[54] Fortaleza Ceará Ceará, Fortaleza EC
7 Parque do Sabiá 56,450 Uberlândia Minas Gerais Uberlândia EC
8 Arena do Grêmio 55,662 Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Grêmio
9 Mangueirão 53,635 Belém Pará Paysandu, Clube do Remo
10 Beira-Rio 49,055[54] Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Internacional
11 Arena Fonte Nova 47,915[54][56] Salvador Bahia EC Bahia
12 Arena Corinthians 47,252[54] São Paulo São Paulo Corinthians
13 Prudentão 45,954 Presidente Prudente São Paulo Grêmio Prudente
14 Arena Pernambuco 45,440[54] São Lourenço da Mata Pernambuco Retrô
15 Nilton Santos 45,000 Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Botafogo
16 Albertão 44,200 Teresina Piauí Flamengo-PI, River Atlético Clube
17 Allianz Parque 43,713 São Paulo São Paulo Palmeiras
18 Arena da Amazônia 42,924[54] Manaus Amazonas Amazonas, Manaus FC, Nacional
19 Arena Pantanal 42,788[54] Cuiabá Mato Grosso Cuiabá EC, Dom Bosco
20 Arena da Baixada 42,372 Curitiba Paraná Athletico Paranaense
21 Serra Dourada 42,000 Goiânia Goiás
22 Couto Pereira 40,502 Curitiba Paraná Coritiba FC
23 Pacaembu 40,199 São Paulo São Paulo
24 Castelão 40,149 São Luís Maranhão Sampaio Corrêa

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d "New research reveals the Scottish dye worker who brought football to Brazil, 117 years ago exclusive". Herald Scotland. March 24, 2011. Retrieved February 21, 2014.
  2. ^ a b Brazilian Soccer: A Country of "Soccerists"
  3. ^ State football leagues in Brazil
  4. ^ Largest Sporting Crowds at Top End Sports
  5. ^ "Brazilian Football". Brazilian Football. Retrieved February 21, 2014.
  6. ^ "2016 Summer Olympics: The U.S. dominates Rio Games with 121 medals - Los Angeles Times". Los Angeles Times.
  7. ^ Jones, Jeremy V. (April 27, 2010). Toward the Goal: The Kaka Story - Jeremy V. Jones - Google Books. ISBN 9780310590033. Retrieved February 21, 2014.
  8. ^ Bellos, Alex (2003), Futebol: The Brazilian Way of Life, Bloomsbury Publishing, p. 27, ISBN 978-0-7475-6179-8
  9. ^ "The 'Labour Question' in Nineteenth Century Brazil: railways, export agriculture and labour scarcity" (PDF). p. 35. Retrieved February 21, 2014.
  10. ^ IFFHS HISTORY AND STATISTICS - CAMPEONATO PAULISTA DE FUTBOL (1902 - 1924) part 1 on the IFFHS, May 18, 2020
  11. ^ a b Bocketti, Gregg P (2008). Italian Immigrants, Brazilian Football, and the Dilemma of National Identity (2 ed.). Journal of Latin American studies. p. 285.
  12. ^ "Hall of Fame: Garrincha". ifhof.com. Retrieved July 7, 2015.
  13. ^ Langbein, Francis (February 28, 2013). "The secret behind the mystique of beautiful Brazilian soccer 02/28/2013". SoccerAmerica. Retrieved February 21, 2014.
  14. ^ Homewood, Brian (March 1, 2012). "Menezes sets Brazil quest for old style - World Cup 2014 - Football". The Independent. Retrieved February 21, 2014.
  15. ^ "Carlos backs Brazilian style | Football News". Sky Sports. Retrieved February 21, 2014.
  16. ^ "The famous Brazilian football". Chinadaily.com.cn. Retrieved February 21, 2014.
  17. ^ Seleção brasileira encanta o mundo em 1982, mesmo sem ganhar
  18. ^ A cara de Dunga
  19. ^ Tostão: “Esse oba-oba em torno do Tite é perigoso”
  20. ^ Estamos praticando, aqui no Brasil, um futebol europeizado?
  21. ^ Há 21 anos o Brasil conquistava o penta mundial
  22. ^ Saiba por que a Seleção Brasileira é chamada de Canarinha
  23. ^ 100 anos da Seleção: 1º rival do Brasil, Exeter se orgulha de lugar na história
  24. ^ Brasil e Argentina no topo: veja as seleções com mais títulos na história
  25. ^ Saiba como surgiu a rivalidade entre Brasil e Argentina no futebol
  26. ^ Tabus e duelos históricos marcam rivalidade entre Brasil e Uruguai
  27. ^ Brasil x Holanda: Tudo sobre uma das maiores rivalidades em Mundiais!
  28. ^ Brasil e Itália: rivalidade histórica no futebol
  29. ^ CBF site
  30. ^ Condeferações estaduais de futebol
  31. ^ STJD site
  32. ^ TJD do Rio de Janeiro
  33. ^ Botafogo agora é o único entre os 12 grandes clubes do Brasil sem título de Libertadores
  34. ^ Athletico-PR já é mais relevante que quais clubes do grupo dos '12 grandes'? Veja opinião dos comentaristas dos canais Disney
  35. ^ CBF diz que mudança no calendário depende dos clubes
  36. ^ Clubes aprovam mudanças no calendário
  37. ^ Estaduais pelo Brasil: veja a data de estreia do seu time em 2024
  38. ^ Copa do Brasil 2024: CBF divulga tabela básica do torneio; início está previsto para fevereiro
  39. ^ CBF divulga calendário do futebol brasileiro para 2023
  40. ^ CBF divulga calendário do futebol brasileiro para 2023
  41. ^ Times brasileiros jogam 20 partidas a mais por ano que europeus
  42. ^ Futebol: esporte mais popular no Brasil tem data nacional no mês de julho
  43. ^ A paixão dos jovens brasileiros pelo futebol e o impacto dos serviços online
  44. ^ Brasileiros pintam e enfeitam ruas para a Copa do Mundo: veja imagens pelo país
  45. ^ Decoração de rua no Brasil é tradição nas Copas
  46. ^ Torcedores comemoram vitória da Seleção Brasileira em diversos pontos de Belo Horizonte
  47. ^ Surfe e skate impulsionam audiência da Olimpíada, principalmente no Brasil
  48. ^ A Olimpíada da TV é sucesso em audiência
  49. ^ Ibope do Brasileirão cai 14% e tem pior índice de 'era exclusiva' da Globo
  50. ^ Fator Messi? Champions League tem pior audiência da história na TV aberta
  51. ^ Tensão na Globo. Futebol feminino despenca a audiência em 43%. Patrocinadores da Copa do Mundo estão com medo. Não é 'canalhice'
  52. ^ Com jogo do Brasil no Pré-Olímpico, vôlei tem melhor audiência do último ano
  53. ^ Pesquisa aponta crescimento de interesse por vôlei entre adultos brasileiros
  54. ^ a b c d e f g h i j The Brazilian Bid for the FIFA Women's World Cup 2027 (PDF). FIFA. December 8, 2023. Retrieved January 2, 2024.
  55. ^ "Sobre o Morumbi". São Paulo FC (in Portuguese). Retrieved May 28, 2023.
  56. ^ "Brazilian Woman Power: The Brazilian bid for FIFA Women's World Cup 2023™" (PDF). Brazilian Football Confederation (CBF). Retrieved January 28, 2020.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Football_in_Brazil&oldid=1262468354"