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{{short description|American photographer}}
{{Short description|American photographer (1819–1902)}}
{{Use American English|date = April 2019}}
{{Use American English|date = April 2019}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2020}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=December 2024}}
{{about|the photographer|the historian|George W. Bernard|the general|George Bernard}}
{{about|the photographer|the historian|George W. Bernard|the general|George Bernard}}
{{Infobox person
{{Infobox person
| name = George N. Barnard
| name = George N. Barnard
| nationality = American
| image = File:George N. Barnard by Mathew Brady.jpg
| image = File:George N. Barnard by Mathew Brady.jpg
| caption = Portrait of Barnard by [[Mathew Brady]], {{circa|1865}}
| imagesize =
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1819|12|23}}
| caption = Portrait of George Barnard by Mathew Brady, c1865
| birth_place = [[Coventry, Connecticut]], U.S.
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1819|12|23}}
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1902|2|4|1819|12|23}}
| birth_place = [[Coventry, Connecticut]]
| death_place = Cedarvale, New York, U.S.
| death_date = {{Death date|1902|2|4}}
| death_place = Cedarvale, New York
| spouse =
| spouse =
| parents =
| parents =
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| signature =
| signature =
}}
}}

[[File:G. H. Barnard's portable darkroom, Atlanta, Georgia.jpg|thumb|Confederate Army fortification around Atlanta with photographers' buggy in the background, 1864]]


'''George Norman Barnard''' (December 23, 1819 – February 4, 1902) was an American photographer most well known for his photographs from the [[American Civil War]] era. He is often noted as '''G. N. Barnard'''.
'''George Norman Barnard''' (December 23, 1819 – February 4, 1902) was an American photographer most well known for his photographs from the [[American Civil War]] era. He is often noted as '''G. N. Barnard'''.


==Early life==
==Early life==
Barnard was born into a farming family in [[Coventry, Connecticut]] on December 23, 1819.<ref name="encyc">{{cite web|url=https://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/history-archaeology/george-n-barnard-georgia|title=George N. Barnard in Georgia|last=Schmid|first=Cindy|date=August 3, 2007|website=[[New Georgia Encyclopedia]]|access-date=April 1, 2019}}</ref><ref name="getty.edu">{{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/art/collection/artists/2023/george-n-barnard-american-1819-1902/|title=George N. Barnard (American, 1819 – 1902) (Getty Museum)|website=[[J. Paul Getty Museum]]|access-date=April 1, 2019}}</ref> His father died in 1826 and he grew up with relatives in a nearby town, apprenticing at various jobs in the family owned businesses. He married in 1843 and moved to [[Oswego, New York]], where he briefly got into the hotel business before turning to photography.<ref name=encyc/><ref name="getty.edu"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://historiccamera.com/cgi-bin/librarium2/pm.cgi?action=app_display&app=datasheet&app_id=2487&|title=George N. Barnard|website=Historic Camera|access-date=April 1, 2019}}</ref>

Barnard was born into a farming family in Coventry, Connecticut on December 23, 1819.<ref name="encyc">{{cite web|url=https://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/history-archaeology/george-n-barnard-georgia|title=George N. Barnard in Georgia|last=Schmid|first=Cindy|date=August 3, 2007|website=[[New Georgia Encyclopedia]]|access-date=April 1, 2019}}</ref><ref name="getty.edu">{{cite web|url=http://www.getty.edu/art/collection/artists/2023/george-n-barnard-american-1819-1902/|title=George N. Barnard (American, 1819 – 1902) (Getty Museum)|website=[[J. Paul Getty Museum]]|access-date=April 1, 2019}}</ref> His father died in 1826 and he grew up with relatives in a nearby town, apprenticing at various jobs in the family owned businesses. He married in 1843 and moved to [[Oswego, New York]], where he briefly got into the hotel business before turning to photography.<ref name=encyc/><ref name="getty.edu"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://historiccamera.com/cgi-bin/librarium2/pm.cgi?action=app_display&app=datasheet&app_id=2487&|title=George N. Barnard|website=Historic Camera|access-date=April 1, 2019}}</ref>


==Career==
==Career==
Starting his business in New York State in 1843, Barnard was one of the first to use [[daguerreotype]], the first commercially available form of photography, in the United States.<ref name=encyc/><ref name="getty.edu"/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/George-N-Barnard|title=George N. Barnard – American photographer|last=Eldridge|first=Alison|date=January 31, 2019|website=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]|access-date=April 1, 2019}}</ref>
Starting his business in New York State in 1843, Barnard was one of the first to use [[daguerreotype]], the first commercially available form of photography, in the United States.<ref name=encyc/><ref name="getty.edu"/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/George-N-Barnard|title=George N. Barnard – American photographer|last=Eldridge|first=Alison|date=January 31, 2019|website=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]|access-date=April 1, 2019}}</ref>

[[File:Fire at the Ames and Doolittle Mills, Oswego, New York - George Barnard.jpg|thumb|left|Hand-tinted daguerrotype of the Fire at the James and Dolittle Mills, 1953, considered one of the first news photographs.]]
A fire in 1853 destroyed the [[grain elevator]]s in [[Oswego, New York]], an event Barnard photographed. Historians consider these some of the first "news" photographs. Barnard also photographed [[Abraham Lincoln]]'s [[First inauguration of Abraham Lincoln|1861 inauguration]].<ref name=encyc/>
A fire in 1853 destroyed the [[grain elevator]]s in [[Oswego, New York]], an event Barnard photographed. Historians consider these some of the first "news" photographs. Barnard also photographed [[Abraham Lincoln]]'s [[First inauguration of Abraham Lincoln|1861 inauguration]].<ref name=encyc/>


===Civil War===
===Civil War===
Barnard is best known for [[American Civil War]] era photos. He was the official army photographer for the Military Division of the Mississippi commanded by Union general William T. Sherman; that position mostly involved photographing and documenting fortifications, bridges, and documents.<ref name=encyc/>
[[File:Ruins in Charleston, South Carolina by George N. Barnard - crop.jpg|left|thumb|upright=1.3|"Ruins in Charleston, S.C." from ''Photographic Views of the Sherman Campaign'']]
Barnard is best known for [[American Civil War]] era photos. He was the official army photographer for the Military Division of the Mississippi, which mostly involved photographing and documenting fortifications, bridges, and documents.<ref name=encyc/>


His 1866 book, ''Photographic Views of Sherman's Campaign'', showed the devastation of the war.<ref name=encyc/> The book includes 61 albumen prints including Nashville, the Chattanooga Valley, Atlanta, and Savannah. He took the photos while operating under General Sherman's command. The book also includes a studio portrait of Sherman and his generals.<ref name="loc.gov">{{cite web|url=https://www.loc.gov/collections/panoramic-photographs/articles-and-essays/selected-photographers-and-examples-of-their-work/george-n-barnard/|title=George N. Barnard|website=[[Library of Congress]]|access-date=April 1, 2019}}</ref>
His 1866 book, ''Photographic Views of Sherman's Campaign'', showed the devastation of the war.<ref name=encyc/> The book includes 61 albumen prints including Nashville, the Chattanooga Valley, Atlanta, and Savannah. He took the photos while operating under General Sherman's command. The book also includes a studio portrait of Sherman and his generals.<ref name="loc.gov">{{cite web|url=https://www.loc.gov/collections/panoramic-photographs/articles-and-essays/selected-photographers-and-examples-of-their-work/george-n-barnard/|title=George N. Barnard|website=[[Library of Congress]]|access-date=April 1, 2019}}</ref>
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==Collections==
==Collections==
Barnard's work is included in the American Memory collection, Selected Civil War Photographs from the [[Library of Congress]], [[Washington, D.C.]], 1861–1865.<ref name="loc.gov"/> The [[J. Paul Getty Museum]], in [[Los Angeles]], has one of his works<ref name="getty.edu"/> and the [[MoMA]] also has his work in their collection.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.moma.org/artists/336|title=George Barnard|website=[[Museum of Modern Art]]|language=en|access-date=April 1, 2019}}</ref>

==Gallery of work==
Barnard's work is included in the American Memory collection, Selected Civil War Photographs from the Library of Congress, 1861–1865.<ref name="loc.gov"/> The [[J. Paul Getty Museum]] has one of his works<ref name="getty.edu"/> and the [[MoMA]] also has his work in their collection.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.moma.org/artists/336|title=George Barnard|website=[[Museum of Modern Art]]|language=en|access-date=April 1, 2019}}</ref>
<!-- This makes the layout rather nicer until the article's a bit longer.-->
<gallery mode=packed heights=150px>
File:Fire at the Ames and Doolittle Mills, Oswego, New York - George Barnard.jpg|Hand-tinted daguerrotype of the Fire at the Ames and Dolittle Mills, 1853, considered one of the first news photographs.
File:G. H. Barnard's portable darkroom, Atlanta, Georgia.jpg|Confederate Army fortification around Atlanta with photographers' buggy in the background, 1864
File:Ruins in Charleston, South Carolina by George N. Barnard - crop.jpg|"Ruins in Charleston, S.C." from ''Photographic Views of Sherman's Campaign'', 1865 or 1866
File:(Portrait of Carrie Lining) (LOC) (26837973428).jpg|"Portrait of Carrie Lining"
</gallery>


==See also==
==See also==
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==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
==External links==
{{commons category|George N. Barnard}}
{{commons category-inline|George N. Barnard}}

{{authority control}}
{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Barnard, George N.}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Barnard, George N.}}
[[Category:1819 births]]
[[Category:1819 births]]
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[[Category:People from Coventry, Connecticut]]
[[Category:People from Coventry, Connecticut]]
[[Category:Photographers from Connecticut]]
[[Category:Photographers from Connecticut]]
[[Category:People of Connecticut in the American Civil War]]

Latest revision as of 22:02, 23 December 2024

George N. Barnard
Portrait of Barnard by Mathew Brady, c. 1865
Born(1819-12-23)December 23, 1819
DiedFebruary 4, 1902(1902-02-04) (aged 82)
Cedarvale, New York, U.S.
OccupationPhotographer

George Norman Barnard (December 23, 1819 – February 4, 1902) was an American photographer most well known for his photographs from the American Civil War era. He is often noted as G. N. Barnard.

Early life

[edit]

Barnard was born into a farming family in Coventry, Connecticut on December 23, 1819.[1][2] His father died in 1826 and he grew up with relatives in a nearby town, apprenticing at various jobs in the family owned businesses. He married in 1843 and moved to Oswego, New York, where he briefly got into the hotel business before turning to photography.[1][2][3]

Career

[edit]

Starting his business in New York State in 1843, Barnard was one of the first to use daguerreotype, the first commercially available form of photography, in the United States.[1][2][4]

A fire in 1853 destroyed the grain elevators in Oswego, New York, an event Barnard photographed. Historians consider these some of the first "news" photographs. Barnard also photographed Abraham Lincoln's 1861 inauguration.[1]

Civil War

[edit]

Barnard is best known for American Civil War era photos. He was the official army photographer for the Military Division of the Mississippi commanded by Union general William T. Sherman; that position mostly involved photographing and documenting fortifications, bridges, and documents.[1]

His 1866 book, Photographic Views of Sherman's Campaign, showed the devastation of the war.[1] The book includes 61 albumen prints including Nashville, the Chattanooga Valley, Atlanta, and Savannah. He took the photos while operating under General Sherman's command. The book also includes a studio portrait of Sherman and his generals.[5]

Post-war

[edit]

After the war, Barnard ran photography studios in Ohio, Charleston, South Carolina and Chicago. His Chicago studio burned down in the 1871 city fire.[5] In Rochester, New York, he briefly worked with George Eastman, the founder of the Eastman Kodak Company.[2]

Collections

[edit]

Barnard's work is included in the American Memory collection, Selected Civil War Photographs from the Library of Congress, Washington, D.C., 1861–1865.[5] The J. Paul Getty Museum, in Los Angeles, has one of his works[2] and the MoMA also has his work in their collection.[6]

[edit]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e f Schmid, Cindy (August 3, 2007). "George N. Barnard in Georgia". New Georgia Encyclopedia. Retrieved April 1, 2019.
  2. ^ a b c d e "George N. Barnard (American, 1819 – 1902) (Getty Museum)". J. Paul Getty Museum. Retrieved April 1, 2019.
  3. ^ "George N. Barnard". Historic Camera. Retrieved April 1, 2019.
  4. ^ Eldridge, Alison (January 31, 2019). "George N. Barnard – American photographer". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved April 1, 2019.
  5. ^ a b c "George N. Barnard". Library of Congress. Retrieved April 1, 2019.
  6. ^ "George Barnard". Museum of Modern Art. Retrieved April 1, 2019.
[edit]

Media related to George N. Barnard at Wikimedia Commons