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LMS Ivatt Class 2 2-6-0

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LMS Ivatt Class 2 2-6-0
46403 on the Midland Main Line near Souldrop in 1955.
Type and origin
Power typeSteam
DesignerH. G. Ivatt
Builder
Build date1946–1953
Total produced128
Specifications
Configuration:
 • Whyte2-6-0
 • UIC1′C h2
Gauge4 ft 8+12 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge
Leading dia.3 ft 0 in (0.914 m)
Driver dia.5 ft 0 in (1.524 m)
Length53 ft 1+34 in (16.20 m)
Loco weight47.10 long tons (47.9 t; 52.8 short tons) (6400–64)
48.45 long tons (49.2 t) (remainder)
Tender weight37.15 long tons (37.7 t; 41.6 short tons)
Fuel typeCoal
Fuel capacity4 long tons (4.1 t; 4.5 short tons)
Water cap.3,000 imp gal (14,000 L; 3,600 US gal)
Firebox:
 • Grate area17+12 sq ft (1.63 m2)
BoilerLMS type 7
Boiler pressure200 lbf/in2 (1.38 MPa)
Heating surface:
 • Firebox101 sq ft (9.4 m2)
 • Tubes924 sq ft (85.8 m2)
Superheater:
 • Heating area134 sq ft (12.4 m2) or
124 sq ft (11.5 m2)
CylindersTwo, outside
Cylinder size16 in × 24 in (406 mm × 610 mm)
Valve gearWalschaerts
Performance figures
Tractive effort17,410–18,510 lbf (77.44–82.34 kN)
Career
Operators
Power class
  • LMS: 2F
  • BR: 2MT
Numbers
  • LMS:6400–6419
  • BR: 46400–46527
NicknamesMickey Mouse
Axle load classBR: Route Availability 2
Withdrawn1961–1967
Disposition7 preserved, remainder scrapped

The London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) Ivatt Class 2 2-6-0 is a class of steam locomotive designed for light mixed traffic.

Design

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Elderly 0-6-0s formed the backbone of the low-powered locomotives within the LMS fleet. William Stanier had concentrated on introducing larger engines and it was left to George Ivatt to introduce a new class of low-powered locomotive. He designed a tender version of the Ivatt Class 2 2-6-2T, introduced at the same time, which was inspired by the Stanier Class 3 2-6-2T, which was inspired by the Fowler Class 3 2-6-2T.[1] The 2-6-0s had greater range: 3,000 imperial gallons (14,000 L; 3,600 US gal) of water and 4 long tons (4.1 t; 4.5 short tons) of coal compared to the tank design's 1,350 imperial gallons (6,100 L; 1,620 US gal) and 3 long tons (3.05 t; 3.36 short tons). So they were well-suited to their task and, following attention to draughting problems by both Derby and Swindon, quickly became a success. Further engines of this type were built as the BR Standard Class 2 2-6-0, these locomotives having BR standard fittings and a modified cab and tender profile to allow completely unrestricted route availability; both LMS and BR 2MT moguls are often nicknamed "Mickey Mouse".[2]

Construction

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A total of 128 were built between 1946 and 1953, mostly at Crewe. 20 were built by LMS and given the numbers 6400–19. On nationalisation in 1948 40000 was added to their numbers to become 46400–19. The remaining 108 locomotives of the class, numbered 46420–46527 were built by British Railways, and from 46465 (Darlington, 1951) an increase in cylinder diameter of 12 inch (13 mm) yielded a tractive effort of 18,510 lb (8,400 kg), 1,100 lb (500 kg) greater than the original design. The LMS classified them 2F, BR as 2MT.

Table of orders
Number Lot no. Date Built at
LMS BR
6400–09 46400–09 182 1946 Crewe
6410–19 46410–19 189 1947 Crewe
46420–34 194 1948 Crewe
46435–49 201 1950 Crewe
46450–59 207 1950 Crewe
46460–64 208 1950 Crewe
46465–82 1309 1951 Darlington
46483–94 1310 1951 Darlington
46495–502 1310 1952 Darlington
46503–14 394 1952 Swindon
46515–27 394 1953 Swindon

The 38 members of the Darlington-built batch (46465 to 46502) were allocated to the Eastern and North Eastern Regions of British Railways. The final 25 (46503 to 46527) were built at Swindon Works and, being allocated to the Western Region, consequently carried the GWR-type vacuum ejector and firehole doors. The Swindon locomotives were turned out, initially, in lined black. Under the Hanks regime, some received lined green livery as they passed through works. The rest carried black livery. None of the class was named in service, however some have been named in preservation.

Withdrawal

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The class was withdrawn between 1961 and 1967.

Table of withdrawals
Year Quantity in
service at
start of year
Quantity
withdrawn
Locomotive numbers
1961 128 1 46407.
1962 127 12 46408/15/53/66/69/71/76–78/81/93/95.
1963 115 4 46438/73/83/89.
1964 111 8 46403/09/35/61/67/74–75, 46525.
1965 103 21 46404/13/20/23/25/30/44/56/59/68/72/79/82/88/97–98, 46510–11/24/27.
1966 82 40 46401/05/10/12/14/16/19/21–22/24/26–29/34/42/45–47/50–51/54/58/60/62–64/95–96,
46504/08–09/12–14/17–19/21/26.
1967 42 42 46400/02/06/11/17–18/31–33/36–37/39–41/43/48–49/52/55/57/65/70/80/84–87/90–92/99,
46500–03/05–06/15–16/20/22–23.

Accidents & Incidents

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  • On 27 April 2013, No. 46521 derailed on the trap points at Quorn and Woodhouse on the Great Central Railway following a misunderstanding between the signalman and the locomotive's crew. The derailment was captured on video by a visitor and subsequently posted on YouTube. Nobody was injured, and the locomotive was recovered using a crane; it was then towed back to the shed by BR Class 45 No. D123.[3] Almost one month after the incident, the locomotive returned to service.[4]

Preservation

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Seven members of the class have been preserved, five built at Crewe Works and two built at Swindon Works. Of the seven engines preserved, six have run in preservation (46428 is undergoing restoration from scrapyard condition to working order at the East Lancs Railway). Three members of the class have also operated on the mainline in preservation: No's 46441, 46443 & 46521. Three of them were purchased from British Railways while the other four preserved examples were rescued from Barry Scrapyard throughout the 1970s. The ones rescued from Barry Scrapyard include No. 46428, No. 46447, No. 46512, and No. 46521. The ones sold directly into preservation from British Railways include No. 46441, No. 46443, and No. 46464.

46443 became a popular mainline engine in the 1980s when it was one of the engines used during the 150th anniversary of the Great Western Railway traveling along many old branchlines including the old Bristol Harbour Railway. 46521 saw use on the mainline in the 1990s but only saw a limited amount of use hauling excursion trains with one of its runs being on the GWML in December 1994.[citation needed]. 46441 was one of the smallest tender engines to operate on the former BR system during the 1990s. As well as being a regular at Carnforth and working at its home on the East Lancashire Railway it was also used for the regular steam on the met programme working trains alongside other steam engines. 46441 in recent years has been on static display inside the museum at the Ribble Steam Railway in Preston awaiting an overhaul. In April 2018 the engine was moved by road to its new home at the Lakeside and Haverthwaite Railway, it is presently the only tender engine based at the railway.[citation needed]

BR no Image Name* Builder Built Withdrawn Service Life Current Location Current Condition Livery
46428 Crewe Works Dec 1948 Dec 1966 17 Years, 11 Months East Lancashire Railway Under Restoration N/A
Oldest surviving member of the class. Being restored from condition as recovered from Woodham Brothers scrapyard, Barry, Vale of Glamorgan, South Wales.
46441 Crewe Works Feb 1950 Apr 1967 17 Years, 2 Months Lakeside and Haverthwaite Railway Running In BR Lined Crimson, Late Crest (on completion)
The engine commenced its running in tests in October 2023 and is expected to re-enter revenue service in 2024. Boiler Ticket expires 2033.[5]
The engine will retain its non-authentic BR Maroon on completion.[6]
46443 Crewe Works Feb 1950 Mar 1967 17 Years, 28 Days Severn Valley Railway Static Display BR Lined Black, Late Crest
Stored awaiting overhaul in The Engine House, Highley.
46447 Crewe Works Mar 1950 Dec 1966 16 Years, 9 Months East Somerset Railway Operational BR Lined Black, Late Crest
Returned to operation October 2014. On loan from the Isle of Wight Steam Railway.
46464 The Carmyllie Pilot* Crewe Works Jun 1950 Sept 1966 16 Years, 3 Months Strathspey Railway Operational N/A
After preservation, hauled the first scheduled passenger train on the Strathspey Railway on 22 July 1978.[7] Last ran in 1979 and now restored to working order.
The name "Carmyllie Pilot" was used, during their working years, for both 46463 and 46464, both Dundee Tay Bridge (62B) allocated engines. Both locomotives took week about pilot duties at Arbroath station, and were often seen working the Carmyllie Railway branch line, either to the Metal Box factory or the Quarries at Carmyllie.[citation needed] Local railway staff referred to either locomotive as The Carmyllie Pilot, dependent on which was on duty.
The engine underwent its steam test in November 2023 and its overhaul was completed in June 2024, when it was steamed for the first time in 44 years.[8]
46512 E.V. Cooper, Engineer* Swindon Works Dec 1952 Dec 1966 13 Years, 11 Months Strathspey Railway Operational BR Lined Black, Early Emblem
Boiler Ticket expires 2031.
46521 Blossom* Swindon Works Mar 1953 Oct 1966 13 Years, 7 Months Great Central Railway Under Overhaul BR Lined Green, Early Emblem (on completion)
Boiler ticket expired in 2022. Dismantling for overhaul commenced in October 2023.[9]

* Named in preservation

Only 46428 has yet to steam in preservation.

Models

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Several 00 gauge ready-to-run models of the locomotive have been produced. In 1975, Hornby Railways produced a model of the class, in British Railways lined black (mixed traffic) livery. A BR lined green version followed in 1978. They were on sale until 1982.[10] In 2007 Bachmann Branchline introduced a more detailed model, available in several liveries including LMS unlined black, BR lined black and BR lined Brunswick Green, the latter livery of which was used for a model of now preserved 46521.[11] Graham Farish produces several of the same liveries in British N gauge. Comet Models produce an all-metal kit.

In fiction

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No. 46521 appeared in the sitcom Oh, Doctor Beeching!. It was for this that it received the name 'Blossom'.[12]

Both 46443 and 46521 appeared in the 1976 Universal Pictures film The Seven-Per-Cent Solution. For this role both locomotives were heavily disguised to have a European flavour.[13]

Both "Oh, Doctor Beeching!" and "The Seven-Per-Cent Solution" were filmed on the Severn Valley Railway.[12][13]

References

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  1. ^ Duggan, Jamie (13 September 2019). "LMS Ivatt 2 (2-6-0 and 2-6-2T) steam locomotives - Class Information". RailAdvent. Retrieved 17 September 2022.
  2. ^ Hopkins, Simon (November 2007). "Bridgnorth's stalwart 'Mickey Mouse' is focus of charter". Steam Railway. Vol. 343. p. 24.
  3. ^ Marsh, Phil. "Steam Locomotive totally derailed at The Great Central Railway". rail.co.uk. Retrieved 7 May 2013.
  4. ^ Wilcock, Dennis. "46521 back in service". Great Central Railway. Retrieved 26 May 2013.
  5. ^ "46441 commences running in". Steam Railway. No. 551. November 2023. p. 39.
  6. ^ "46441 & 46464 expected to be complete by end of year". Heritage Railway. No. 311. October 2023. p. 8.
  7. ^ "ivatt 2-6-0 46464 mogul carmyllie pilot company history". br46464.co.uk. Retrieved 26 October 2023.
  8. ^ McKenzie, Steven. "Locomotive steams again for first time in 44 years". BBC News. Retrieved 9 July 2024.
  9. ^ "46521 departs GCR for Tyseley to be dismantled for overhaul". Steam Railway. No. 550. October 2023. p. 39.
  10. ^ Hammond, Pat (2005). The Story of Rovex Vol 3 1972-1996. London: New Cavendish Books. pp. 166–7. ISBN 1-904562-00-0.
  11. ^ Wild, Mike (October 2007). "Ivatt '2MT' from Bachmann". Hornby Magazine. No. 4. Hersham: Ian Allan Publishing. pp. 76–77. ISSN 1753-2469. OCLC 226087101.
  12. ^ a b "Oh! Doctor Beeching Re-lives". Severn Valley Railway News. No. 119. p. 33.
  13. ^ a b "A Film in the Making". Severn Valley Railway News. No. 38. p. 5.
  • Rowledge, J.W.P. (1975). Engines of the LMS built 1923–51. Oxford: Oxford Publishing Company. ISBN 0-902888-59-5.

Further reading

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  • Shaw, Michael C. (October 2007). "Ivatt's '2MTs'". Hornby Magazine. No. 4. Hersham: Ian Allan Publishing. pp. 72–73. ISSN 1753-2469. OCLC 226087101.
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