Edit filter log

'{{otheruses}} [[Image:Somalia regions map Gedo.svg|thumb|Location of Gedo in southern Somalia]] '''Gedo''' ({{lang-so|''Geedo''}}) is an administrative region (''[[States and regions of Somalia|gobolka]]'') formerly part of the historic [[Upper Juba Region]], [[Somalia]]. Gedo's regional capital is [[Garbahaarreey]]. Gedo is a region created in 1980s and is bordered by the [[Ogaden]] in [[Ethiopia]], the [[North Eastern Province (Kenya)|North Eastern Province]] in [[Kenya]], and the Somali regions of [[Bakool]], [[Bay, Somalia|Bay]], [[Jubbada Dhexe]] (Middle Juba), and [[Jubbada Hoose]] (Lower Juba) further down east. The southern parts of Gedo, west of the [[Jubba River]], used to be part of the old British Transjuba region during half of the seventy years of [[Scramble for Africa|colonial era in Africa]] from 1890 to 1960. The [[United Kingdom|British]] and [[Italy|Italian]]s fought over twice in this area of [[Horn of Africa]]. Gedo region's population exploded in the last twenty years reaching almost one million in the early 1990s after the [[Somali Civil War|civil war]] erupted in [[Mogadishu]]. Most of the newcomers to the region, suddenly left and resettled different parts of world. This immigration made Buuloxaawo the second largest district in Gedo. [[Luuq]] used to be the second largest city and district after [[Bardera]]. At one time Buuloxaawo District was the largest city and district in the region. ==During the 1990s in northern Gedo== The population in [[Beled Haawo]] swelled to 200,000. This was in the early 1990s, when a large number of Mogadishu's residents settled Beled Haawo town, because of its cosmopolitan and proximity to the Kenyan border, also this time was the rise of [[al-Itihaad al-Islamiya]] (AIAI) led by Sheikh Mohamed Haji Yussuf a well known Gedo native, soon after the group spread through the region [[Politics of Ethiopia|Ethiopian Government]] accused AIAI for supporting the [[Ogaden National Liberation Front]] (ONLF) and other insurgents inside Ethiopia this led to the [[Ethiopian-Somali conflict|Ethiopian invasion of Gedo]] in 1996 and the intra-[[Marehan]] clan fighting follewed after that for those pro-Ethiopian and anti-Ethiopian clans. After years of unrest in the region 2004 clan elders and intellectuals called peace conference in the region's capital Garbahaarreey. One of the agreements of the conference was to hold free and fair elections within three years. Today the Gedo region is one of the most peaceful places in Somalia and all its district representatives, mayors, and the region's governor are elected by the people. ==Gedo districts== [[Image:gedodistricts.jpg|thumb]] Gedo region consists of seven districts: #[[Baardheere District]] #[[Buurdhuubo District]] #[[Buuloxaawo District]] #[[Ceelwaaq District]] #[[Doolow District]] #[[Garbahaarreey District]] #[[Luuq District]] The regional capital is Garbahaarreey. Major rivers in the Gedo region include the [[Dawa River|Dawa]] and the Juba. The Dawa River runs on the border between Ethiopia and the Gedo region. [[Doolow]] town is located along the Dawa. The Juba River starts from Doolow, just north of the Luuq District, then flows to [[Buurdhuubo]], Bardera, then [[Bu'aale]] and [[Jilib]] of the Middle Juba region, until the river empties into the [[Indian Ocean]] at Goobweyn. There is a clear and seemingly permanent separation between the two colours where the red river [[Discharge (hydrology)|outflow]] meets the blue ocean waters. ===Bardera and Beled Haawo=== The most populous towns in Gedo are [[Bardera]] and [[Beled Haawo]] (Balad Xaawo or Buulo Xaawo). Beled Haawo is Gedo's commercial gateway as well as that of neighboring regions, while Bardera is Gedo's [[breadbasket]]. Agricultural products from Bardera's fertile lands, which include [[maize]], [[potato]]es, [[sorghum]], [[tobacco]], [[onion]]s, [[sesame]], fruits such as [[papaya]]s, [[mango]]es, [[watermelon]]s and [[banana]]s, are shipped to many different parts of the country. ==Population== According to a 1994 [[United Nations]] reports, the estimated population of Gedo was 690,000.<ref>{{cite web | title=UNDOS (United Nations Development Office for Somalia) Regional Report: Gedo Region | work=Global Information Networks in Education (GINIE) | url=http://www.ginie.org/ginie-crises-links/peer/pdf/SomEd-6.pdf |format=PDF| accessdate=December 19 2005 |dateformat=mdy}} (''Note:'' [[Portable Document Format|PDF]] file)</ref> According to the [[nomad]]ic culture of the people and their movement these numbers can decrease or increase over time. Large cities such as Bardera, Beled Hawo, and Luuq have sizable populations; most of the urban dwellers live in these cities plus the capital region area in the town of Garbahaarreey. Bardera ({{lang-so|Baardheere}}), the largest city, and the seat of the most populous district in Gedo, has become urbanized to the extent that its population multiplied 400% since the breakdown of law and order in the capital of the country, Mogadishu. Aside from the urban population in proper Bardera, the rest of the region's population are [[Pastoralism|pastoralists]] with the exception of people living in the cities where the region's seven district seats are located. The town is home to [[Bardera Polytechnic]] as well as the [[University of Gedo]] which also has a campus at [[Beled Haawo]]. ==Commerce in Gedo== Economy in Gedo region is mostly dependent on two sectors: agriculture and livestock. A growing third sector is the services sector, mainly financial and telecommunications industries. Those who live on the fringes of district seats or outside of large cities such as Garbahaarreey, Bardera, Luuq and Beled Haawo, generally keep either a farm on the river banks or herds of sheep, camel or cattle. There are significant farmers around towns and cities alongside the Jubba River and this has made close to half of the region's population, city dwellers since the breakout of the civil war in 1991. The economy mostly depends on livestock and farming but the Gedo region has strong interregional and international cross-border trade with Kenya and some extent with Ethiopia. Trade between Somalia, Kenya and Ethiopia allowed the Gedo region to be econonomically stable for the years before the UN intervention and afterwards. 1998 Nordic Fact Finding Mission prepared a report in Gedo region and found some encouraging economic figures. [[Davidson College]] assistant professor, Keneth Menkhaus asserted that, "Traders in Gedo region made more profit than, for instance, those in Hargeisa, in north-western Somalia."<ref>[http://www.unhcr.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/refworld/rwmain/opendocpdf.pdf?docid=3ae6a5bd0 Report of the Nordic fact-finding mission to the Gedo region in Somalia]</ref> Trade going through the border between the three countries were ongoing despite the raging civil war in Somalia for much of the 1990. The town of Beled Hawo is the commercial gateway to Mogadishu and parts of Kenya. Large manufactured goods cross both sides of the border everyday going to and coming from the rest of Somalia. Buuloxaawo is part of Beled Hawo, Luuq, and Doolow Tri-District commerce activity region. Both Luuq and Doolow have sizable agriculture output. The Gedo region is famous for its agricultural production in the south. The farming land is mostly concentrated in four towns and these are Doolow, Luuq, Buurdhuubo and Bardera. During the peace years, produce from Bardera farms used to reach as far north to [[Djibouti]] on the [[Gulf of Aden]]. ==Government of Gedo== Besides the governor, the Gedo region has a 32 member assembly body. The members are directly elected from the 7 districts of the region with proportionality according to district population. The Gedo assembly or (Gollaha Gobalka Gedo) works around recently crafted regional constitution. The governor appoints all regional level posts including: * First and second Assistant Governor * Director of Security Services * Director of Education Services * Director of Agricultural Agency * Gedo Regional Army Commander * Gedo Regional Police Commander * Director of Economic Affairs * Livestock and Forestry Dept. Director * Director of Justice and Religious Affairs * Inter-Regional Affairs Director After long conflicts in the region, the regional elders started peace conference with initiatives from then governor, [[Aden Ibrahim Aw Hirsi]]. This Gedo Region peace efforts ended in success. and were followed by the elections of the regional assembly. The process was financed by the [[United Nations Development Programme]] (UNDP). ==Landscape of the Gedo Region== [[Image:dhadhable.gedo.jpg|thumb|Dhadhaable Water Hole- near Ceel Gaduud]] The Gedo region has one of the most varied scenery in Somalia. Parts of the Gedo region, such as the Daawo region, have rocky mountains, while red sand is found in all areas and white sand dunes across the [[Jubba Valley]]. There are flat lands in northwestern Bardera District at Gelgel Prairre. In the middle of the region, one finds ancient scarred land with [[Canyon|gorges]] in all directions and rocky mountains. These gorges are filled with southeasterly direction downstream rain waters. On the lower southern portion of the Gedo region is red sandy flat land, running from the Bardera District on the Juba Valley, all the way west to [[El Wak]] town on the border with Kenya's North Eastern Province, a district mainly populated by Somalis through the ages. [[Image:fafahdhunwaterwell.jpg|thumb|left|Faafaxdhuun Pond - ''Warta Faafaxdhuun'' {{convert|85|km|abbr=on}} west of ''Baardheera'']] There are plenty of the four most popular Somali livestock roaming the land. These are [[camel]]s, [[cattle]], [[goat]]s, and [[Domestic sheep|sheep]]. In the Somali language, camel, cattle, goats, and sheep are called ''geel'', ''lo''', ''ari cad'' and ''iddo'', respectively. A mixture of goats and sheep are normally herded together. This mixture of livestock is called'' ari'' in Somali and means a mixture of goats and sheep, which in most cases, is in the hundreds per family. Similarly, the Gedo region is famous for its [[horse breeding]]. Large numbers of [[horse]]s can be found on the Beled Haawo flat lands and Dirharra area near the town of Damase in the Elwak District. [[Image:jerdani.gorge.jpg|thumb|right|Jerdaani Gorge-Faraqa Jerdaani {{convert|26|km|abbr=on}} West of Bardera]] About {{convert|40|km|abbr=on}} from the region's capital, Garbahaarreey, towards Beled Haawo, are the [[Humbaale Mountain]] which has the highest peak in all the mountains and hills in Gedo region. To have a feel of how high this mountain is, coming from Bardera and going to Garbahaareey, at the top of ''Waamo Yarey Hill'', from here, you can see Humbaale Mountain peak. At this stage you will be around {{convert|140|km|abbr=on}} away from the mountain, and you will be around {{convert|100|km|abbr=on}} from Garbahaarreey. There is a distance of {{convert|130|km|abbr=on}} between Garbahaarreey and Baardheera. Humbaale Mountain is located {{convert|40|km|abbr=on}} northwest of Garbahaarreey and it will be {{convert|20|km|abbr=on}} off-road on the road to Beled Haawo. The mountain areas of Gedo region have sizable safari animals from [[elephant]]s to [[cheetah]]s. It is not rare to hear [[lion]]s roar during the night hours. Lions, [[ostrich]]es, [[oryx]], [[giraffe]]s, [[warthog]]s and [[hyena]]s are plenty around the grassy lands of the western part of the Bardera District, between the towns of Gerileey and Faafahdhuun. This is in Gelgel Prairies (Banka Gelgel) in Somalia or simply Gelgel (Gelgesha). The Jubba River from Doolow to Baardheere has large river animals such as [[crocodile]]s and [[hippopotamus]], who bask in the sun on the sandy island spots during the drying up of the river. == Cities and towns in the Gedo region == {{columns-start|num=3}} *[[Adayle]] *[[Ajaaw]] *[[Baqtiile]] *[[Bardera]] *[[Barwaaqo]] *[[Beled Haawo]] *[[Banaaney]] *[[Bilcisha]] *[[Boorame]] *[[Buraa]] *[[Gosoweyna]] *[[Xaranka]] *[[Iridda]] *[[Geelaqa]] *[[Boore]] *[[Buulo Gaduud]] *[[Buulo Mareer]] *[[Buulo Weyn]] *[[Malmaleey]] *[[Buurdhuubo]] *[[Buusaar]] *[[Caanoole]] {{column}} *[[Caracase]] *[[Ceel Cadde]] *[[Ceel Duur]] *[[Ceel Gaduud]] *[[Ceel Garabjaalow]] *[[Ceel Marjis]] *[[Ceel Waaq]] *[[Cilaan]] *[[Daarul Salaam]] *[[Dhamasa]] or Dhamaso *[[Dheenle]] *[[Dhuusaay]] *[[Doolow]] *[[Eeykiintuuri]] *[[Faafaxdhuun]] {{column}} *[[Faan Weyn]] *[[Gantamaa]] *[[Garbahaarreey]] *[[Gerileey]] *[[halshiid abowhayu]] *[[Kurmaan]] *[[luugudeey]] *[[Luuq]] *[[Oboow]] *[[Qooneey]] *[[Shanqoloow]] *[[Shirkalool]] *[[Siidimo]] also Siidamo *[[Yurkud]] *[[Xamara]] *[[Gedweyne]] *[[Uunsi]] *[[Cinjirta]] *[[Shaatooloow]] {{columns-end}} == Notes == {{reflist}} == References == * [http://www.unhcr.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/refworld/rwmain/opendocpdf.pdf?docid=3ae6a5bd0 October 1998 Nordic Fact-Finding Mission to the Gedo Region of Somalia] {{Somalia_Regions}} {{coord|2|26|17|N|41|29|3|E|type:adm1st_zoom:7_region:SO-GE_source:nlwiki|display=title}} [[Category:Regions of Somalia]] [[ko:게도 주]] [[ar:جدو]] [[bg:Гедо]] [[ca:Gedo]] [[de:Gedo]] [[es:Gedo]] [[eo:Gedo]] [[eu:Gedo]] [[fr:Gedo]] [[it:Gedo]] [[jv:Gedo]] [[nl:Gedo]] [[ja:ゲド州]] [[pt:Gedo]] [[so:Gedo]] [[fi:Gedo]] [[zh:蓋多州]]'