Draft:Signum funkcija
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V matematiki je funkcija signum (iz signum, latinsko za "znak") funkcija, ki ima vrednost {{Matematična formula}}, {{Matematična formula}} ali {{Matematična formula}} glede na to, ali je znak danega realnega števila pozitiven ali negativen ali pa je nič. V matematičnem zapisu je funkcija znaka pogosto predstavljena kot oz .[1]
Definicija
[edit]Signum funkcija realnega števila x je kosovno porazdeljena funkcija, ki je definirana na naslednji način:[1]
Zakon trihotomije pravi, da mora biti vsako realno število pozitivno, negativno ali nič. Funkcija signum označuje, v katero edinstveno kategorijo spada število, tako da ga preslika v eno od vrednosti -1, +1 ali 0, ki se lahko nato uporabi v matematičnih izrazih ali nadaljnjih izračunih.
Na primer:
Osnovne lastnosti
[edit]Vsako realno število lahko izrazimo kot produkt njegove absolutne vrednosti in njegove signum funkcije:
Iz tega sledi, da kadar koli ni enak 0, imamo
Podobno velja za vsako realno število , Prav tako smo lahko prepričani, da: in tako
Sklici
[edit]- ^ a b "Signum function - Maeckes". www.maeckes.nl.